Articles by News Staff

KELT-9b: Newly-Discovered ‘Hot Jupiter’ Hotter Than Most Stars

Jun 6, 2017 by News Staff

A newly-discovered Jupiter-like exoplanet called KELT-9b is only 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit (927 degrees Celsius, or 1,200 degrees Kelvin) cooler than our...

$This enhanced-color view of Enceladus is largely of the southern hemisphere and includes the south polar terrain at the bottom of the image. Ancient craters remain somewhat pristine in some locales, but have clearly relaxed in others. Northward-trending fractures, likely caused by a change in the moon’s rate of rotation and the consequent flattening of the moon’s shape, rip across the southern hemisphere. The south polar terrain is marked by a striking set of ‘blue’ fractures and encircled by a conspicuous and continuous chain of folds and ridges, testament to the forces within Enceladus that have yet to be silenced. The mosaic was created from 21 false-color frames taken during Cassini’s close approaches to Enceladus on March 9 and July 14, 2005. Images taken using filters sensitive to UV, visible and IR light (spanning wavelengths from 338 to 930 nm) were combined to create the individual frames. Image credit: NASA / JPL / Space Science Institute.$

Enceladus May Have Tipped Over in Distant Past

Jun 5, 2017 by News Staff

While combing through data gathered by NASA’s Cassini spacecraft during flybys of Enceladus, the sixth-largest of Saturn’s moons, researchers have...

The Dead Sea, Israel. Image credit: David Shankbone / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Oldest Evidence of Humans’ Impact on Geological Processes Found in Israel

Jun 5, 2017 by News Staff

What is being reported as the earliest indication of humans’ impact on the Earth’s geology and ecosystems has been found in the Dead Sea, Israel —...

A view of the Moon’s south pole showing where reflectance and temperature data indicate the possible presence of surface water ice. Image credit: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio.

NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Finds New Evidence of Surface Water Ice on Moon

Jun 2, 2017 by News Staff

Researchers analyzing data from NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) have found evidence of surface frost near the Moon’s south pole. A view of...

Structure of milky spots in the omentum. (A) schematic of whole omentum in mice; the omentum is a thin strip of fat (yellow) that is covered by a layer of mesothelial cells (green); milky spots (MSs, blue) are located just beneath the mesothelial layer embedded between adipocytes; the omentum is well vascularized with an extensive network of capillaries (not shown), which connect to a large central blood vessel (red), running between the adipocytes; blood vessels also connect to the MSs and form a glomerulus-like knot of blood vessels in the lymphoid clusters; a large central lymphatic vessel (light blue) runs down the center of the omentum and branches from this vessel lead to MSs as well as to areas of the omentum that lack MSs; the human omentum is much larger and resembles an apron hanging in front of the abdomen, but also contains MSs. (B) structure of MS; MSs are loose collections of leukocytes embedded between adipocytes (yellow) just beneath the mesothelial layer (green); B cells (blue) form a central cluster, whereas macrophages (brown) and dendritic cells (light green) tend to accumulate around the outside of the MS and are also found individually throughout the omentum; T cells (green circles) and ILCs (orange) can be intermixed with the B cells or may cluster around blood vessels (not shown); cells and antigens are passively collected from the peritoneal cavity through fenestrations in the mesothelial layer by fluid flow or may be actively carried by phagocytic cells like macrophages; cells can also enter the MSs from the blood through HEVs (not shown). Image credit: Selene Meza-Perez & Troy D. Randall, doi: 10.1016/j.it.2017.03.002.

Omentum Performs Unique Immunological Functions

Jun 2, 2017 by News Staff

The omentum is an important immune organ that serves as a first line of defense against toxins and infection, according to a review paper published online...

LIGO’s gravitational wave detections. Image credit: LIGO Scientific Collaboration / ARC Centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery.

Scientists Detect Gravitational Waves for Third Time

Jun 2, 2017 by News Staff

Scientists from the LIGO Scientific Collaboration and the Virgo Collaboration have made a third detection of gravitational waves, ripples in the fabric...

In this illustration, an ultra-intense X-ray laser pulse from SLAC’s Linac Coherent Light Source knocks so many electrons out of a molecule’s iodine atom (right) that the iodine starts pulling in electrons from the rest of the molecule (lower left), like an electromagnetic version of a black hole. Many of the stolen electrons are also knocked out by the laser pulse; then the molecule explodes. Image credit: DESY / Science Communication Lab.

Researchers Create Molecular Version of Black Hole

Jun 2, 2017 by News Staff

When a team of physicists focused the full intensity of SLAC’s Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) Coherent X-ray Imaging instrument — the world’s...

Chimpanzees share the human capacity to build on the knowledge of others. Image credit: Marcel Langthim.

Chimpanzees Show ‘Cumulative Culture’

Jun 1, 2017 by News Staff

Chimpanzees share our human ability to amass knowledge, a new study led by a University of St Andrews researcher has found. Chimpanzees share the human...

Schematic illustration depicting synthesis of the 3D-hm LSMO catalysts. Image credit: Wang et al.

Step Forward in Engineering High-Efficiency Nanohybrid Catalysts

Jun 1, 2017 by News Staff

Versatile superstructures composed of nanoparticles have recently been prepared using various disassembly methods. However, little information is known...

Apatite crystal showing electron density around atoms. Image credit: Arun Nair.

Mechanism That Controls Bone Formation, Function Discovered

Jun 1, 2017 by News Staff

Researchers have discovered a mechanism that controls the formation and function of plate-like nanocrystals that play a critical role in bone composition....

Skeleton composite of Torrejonia wilsoni: most elements of the composite skeleton are in ventral view, but some elements are oriented differently to better illustrate articular surfaces. Descriptions and orientations of skeletal elements organized from left to right and then from top to bottom: (a) cranial fragment of R frontal in dorsal, left lateral, right lateral views; cranial fragment of parietals in dorsal, ventral views; (b) R maxilla M1–M3 in occlusal view; L maxilla P4, M2-M3 in occlusal view; R dentary p2–m2 in buccal, lingual, occlusal views; (c) R distal humerus in ventral, dorsal, distal views; R distal radial epiphysis in distal view; R proximal radius in proximal, ventral, lateral, dorsal, medial views; R proximal ulna in ventral, lateral, dorsal, medial views; (d) R scapula fragment in ventral, lateral, dorsal views; L proximal humerus in proximal, ventral, lateral, dorsal, medial views; (e) R partial astragalus in dorsal, lateral, plantar, medial, proximal, distal views; R calcaneus in dorsal, lateral, plantar, medial, proximal, distal views; R cuboid in dorsal, lateral, plantar, medial, proximal, distal views; (f) R partial innominate in ventral, lateral, dorsal, medial views; concretion with proximal femora and L tibia with L proximal femur in ventral view, R proximal femur in ventral view; R tibia in ventral, lateral, dorsal, medial, distal views; L distal femur in ventral, lateral, dorsal, medial, distal views. Scale bars - 1 cm. Image credit: Chester et al, doi: 10.1098/rsos.170329.

Earth’s Earliest Primates Lived in Treetops, Paleontologists Say

May 31, 2017 by News Staff

Earth’s earliest primates were tree dwellers, according to a team of paleontologists led by Dr. Stephen Chester, an assistant professor at Brooklyn College,...

$Pale zones called ‘halos’ border bedrock fractures visible in this 2015 image (colorized) from the Curiosity rover. Measurements overlaid on the image offer a sense of scale for the size of these fractures. The rover team determined that the halos are rich in silica, a clue to the duration of wet environmental conditions long ago. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech.$

High-Silica ‘Halos’ Found in Gale Crater Shed Light on Wet Ancient Mars

May 31, 2017 by News Staff

Fracture-associated ‘halos’ of lighter-toned bedrock have been found on the lower north slope of Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp) in Gale crater, Mars, indicating...

This digitally-colorized scanning electron microscopic image depicts Enterococcus faecalis. Image credit: Pete Wardell / CDC.

Modified Version of Vancomycin Could Fight Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria

May 31, 2017 by News Staff

A team of researchers at the Scripps Research Institute has structurally modified vancomycin to make an already-powerful version of the antibiotic even...

This composite image shows the central region of the Milky Way Galaxy. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / ESA / CXC / STScI.

Astrophysicists Solve Mystery of How Most Antimatter in Milky Way Galaxy Forms

May 30, 2017 by News Staff

Australian National University astrophysicist Dr. Roland Crocker and his colleagues from Europe, New Zealand, Australia and the United States have shown...

The huge storm churning through the atmosphere in Saturn’s northern hemisphere overtakes itself as it encircles the planet in this true-color view from NASA’s Cassini spacecraft. This picture, captured on Feb. 25, 2011, was taken about 12 weeks after the storm began, and the clouds by this time had formed a tail that wrapped around the planet. Some of the clouds moved south and got caught up in a current that flows to the east (to the right) relative to the storm head. This tail, which appears as slightly blue clouds south and west (left) of the storm head, can be seen encountering the storm head in this view. This storm is the largest, most intense storm observed on Saturn by NASA’s Voyager or Cassini spacecraft. It is still active today. As scientists have tracked this storm over several months, they have found it covers 500 times the area of the largest of the southern hemisphere storms observed earlier in the Cassini mission. The shadow cast by Saturn’s rings has a strong seasonal effect, and it is possible that the switch to powerful storms now being located in the northern hemisphere is related to the change of seasons after the planet’s August 2009 equinox. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Space Science Institute.

NASA’s Cassini Orbiter Watches as Saturn’s Solstice Arrives

May 30, 2017 by News Staff

Saturn’s solstice — the longest day of summer in the northern hemisphere and the shortest day of winter in the southern hemisphere — arrived...

According to Siu et al, vision keeps maturing until mid-life. Image credit: Pexels.

Vision Keeps Maturing until 30s – Early 40s, Study Finds

May 30, 2017 by News Staff

The human primary visual cortex — the brain’s vision-processing center that was previously thought to mature within the first few years of life...

CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing can cause hundreds of unintended mutations. Image credit: Lisichik.

CRISPR-Cas9 Editing Can Cause Unexpected Mutations, Researchers Say

May 30, 2017 by News Staff

As CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing starts to move into clinical trials, a research team led by scientists at Columbia University Medical Center has found that...

Santorio’s marginal note to col. 406C-D, in Santorio Santorio, Commentaria in Primam Fen Primi Libri Canonis Avicennae (Venice, 1625). Image credit: British Library.

Venetian Doctor Santorio Santorio Had Key Role in Shaping Early Modern Science

May 29, 2017 by News Staff

Newly discovered handwritten notes show for the first time the Venetian physician Santorio Santorio (1561–1636), who invented the thermometer and helped...

Spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Image credit: George Hodan.

Spinach Genome Sequenced

May 29, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of researchers from Cornell University’s Boyce Thompson Institute and Shanghai Normal University has produced the first high-quality...

The Sun-like star HD 107146 sits at the centre of this Hubble/STIS image. The position of the star is marked with a green circle. The Vermin Galaxy is visible as the smudge to the lower right. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble.

Hubble Space Telescope Views Vermin Galaxy

May 29, 2017 by News Staff

A new image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope shows a distant galaxy as it begins to align with and pass behind a Sun-like star sitting nearer to...

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