Medicine News

Gut Microbes Played Role in Evolution of Human Brain, New Study Suggests

DeCasien et al. provide the first empirical data showing the direct role the gut microbiome plays in shaping differences in the way the brain functions across different primate species. Image credit: DeCasien et al., doi: 10.1073/pnas.2426232122.
Jan 5, 2026 by News Staff

Compared to other primates, humans have remarkably large brains relative to their body sizes. The resultant high demands for glucose may have been supported by changes in the gut microbiota, which can influence host metabolism. In this study, we tested this idea by inoculating germ-free mice with gut microbes from three primate species varying in brain size. Brain gene expression differences between mice inoculated with human versus macaque gut microbes...

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Severity of Alzheimer’s disease correlates with NAD+ homeostasis dysregulation. Image credit: Chaubey et al., doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2025.102535.

New Research Reveals Potential Path to Alzheimer’s Recovery by Targeting Cellular Energy Deficits

Dec 30, 2025 by News Staff

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is traditionally considered irreversible. However, a team of scientists led by Case Western Reserve University, University Hospitals...

The evolution of antibiotic resistance genes is linked to intrinsic physiological roles and ecological divisions. Image credit: Xu et al., doi: 10.48130/biocontam-0025-0014.

Antibiotic Resistance is Ancient Feature of Microbial Life, New Review Says

Dec 25, 2025 by News Staff

The dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes poses a severe and global threat to public health. A new comprehensive review by Hohai University scientists...

Saad et al. show that the reported beneficial links between theobromine intake on health and aging extend to the molecular epigenetic level in humans. Image credit: Sci.News.

Theobromine: Chemical Found in Dark Chocolate Could Have Anti-Aging Properties

Dec 15, 2025 by Natali Anderson

Scientists at King’s College London have identified strong links between theobromine, a common plant compound that comes from cocoa, and measures of...

Vitamin C (ascorbate) is found in all skin compartments. Pullar et al. carried out a comprehensive investigation to establish the relationship between plasma and skin ascorbate levels, with a focus on the major skin compartments. Image credit: Pullar et al., doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2025.10.587.

Collagen Production and Skin Renewal Directly Respond to Amount of Vitamin C We Consume: Study

Dec 8, 2025 by News Staff

Skin vitamin C levels are closely tied to levels of the vitamin in the blood (plasma) and can be boosted by increasing fruit intake, according to a new...

Ahmed et al. suggest that black cumin seed (Nigella sativa) may serve as a promising natural agent in obesity-related conditions. Image credit: Andre Holz / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Black Cumin Has Anti-Obesity Benefits, New Study Shows

Nov 19, 2025 by News Staff

Black cumin seeds have traditionally been valued for their medicinal properties. In a new study, researchers explored its potential in addressing obesity-related...

Long-term use of melatonin supplements, often used to promote sleep and address insomnia, was associated with a higher risk of heart failure diagnosis. Image credit: Gemini AI.

Long-Term Use of Melatonin Associated with Negative Health Effects

Nov 4, 2025 by News Staff

A review of five years of health records for more than 130,000 adults with insomnia who had used melatonin for at least a year found they were more likely...

Consuming high-flavanol foods during sedentary periods may be used alone or in combination with other strategies (e.g. breaking up sitting) to reduce the impact of inactivity on the vascular system. Image credit: Daniele et al., doi: 10.1113/JP289038.

Study: Flavanol-Rich Foods Protect Vascular Health in Men from Harmful Effects of Prolonged Sitting

Nov 3, 2025 by News Staff

Prolonged sitting temporarily impairs vascular function and blood pressure. Dietary strategies during sitting may ameliorate or aggravate the effects of...

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) seeds. Image credit: Karyna Panchenko.

Cardamom Seed Extract Can Enhance Production of Antiviral Proteins, Study Says

Oct 14, 2025 by News Staff

Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) seed extract as well as its main bioactive ingredient, 1,8-cineole, have the potential to act as a beneficial antiviral...

Kiwifruits, rye bread and high mineral water, psyllium supplements, certain probiotic strains and magnesium oxide supplements are recommended to improve specific constipation outcomes. Image credit: Aziz3625.

Kiwifruits, Rye Bread and High Mineral-Content Water Could Help Alleviate Chronic Constipation

Oct 13, 2025 by News Staff

That’s according to the first ever evidence-based dietary guidelines for adults with chronic constipation. Published in the Journal of Human Nutrition...

The food-based Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 also take the environmental impact of diet into account as measured by greenhouse gas emissions, land use, water use, and nitrogen and phosphorus utilization. Image credit: Serp Pae.

Nordic Nutrition Recommendations Associated with Longer Life

Sep 30, 2025 by News Staff

The Nordic Nutrition Recommendations 2023 emphasizes reducing meat consumption and increasing consumption of vegetables, fruits and berries, cereals, nuts,...

The daily consumption of mango for 24 weeks improved the glycemic control, insulin sensitivity, and body composition in adults with prediabetes, which supports the potential of mango as a practical dietary intervention for metabolic health. Image credit: Mohan Nannapaneni.

Daily Mango Can Improve Blood Glucose Indices, Body Composition in Individuals with Prediabetes

Sep 29, 2025 by News Staff

In a new study, published in the journal Foods, daily consumption of mango (Mangifera indica) for 24 weeks improved both short- and long-term blood glucose...

White matter degenerating microglia are a novel therapeutic target to potentially reduce the impact of white matter injury and myelin loss on the progression of cognitive impairment. Image credit: Miroslaw Miras.

Researchers Develop Self-Administered Digital Test for Diagnosing Alzheimer’s Disease

Sep 15, 2025 by News Staff

A proof-of-concept study by a team of Lund University scientists shows that their brief, self-administered digital cognitive test — named BioCog...

Sleep is known to promote tissue growth and regulate metabolism, partly by enhancing growth hormone (GH) release, but the underlying circuit mechanism is unknown. Ding et al. demonstrate how GH release, which is enhanced during both rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep, is regulated by sleep-wake-dependent activity of distinct hypothalamic neurons expressing GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin (SST). SST neurons in the arcuate nucleus suppress GH release by inhibiting nearby GHRH neurons that stimulate GH release, whereas periventricular SST neurons inhibit GH release by projecting to the median eminence. GH release is associated with strong surges of both GHRH and SST activity during REM sleep but moderately increased GHRH and decreased SST activity during NREM sleep. Furthermore, Ding et al. identified a negative feedback pathway in which GH enhances the excitability of locus coeruleus neurons and increases wakefulness. Image credit: Ding et al., doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2025.05.039.

Animal Study Sheds New Light on How Sleep and Growth Hormone Regulation Interact

Sep 9, 2025 by News Staff

Neuroscientists from the University of California, Berkeley and Stanford University have explored brain circuits that control growth hormone release during...

People who walk a lot have less back pain than people who do not walk much -- and the volume is what matters most, not the intensity. Image credit: Tung Lam.

Regular Walking May Reduce Risk of Chronic Low Back Pain

Sep 5, 2025 by News Staff

In a new study, published in the journal JAMA Network Open, daily walking volume and walking intensity were inversely associated with the risk of chronic...

Wretlind et al. aimed to investigate sex-specific single lipids associated with Alzheimer’s disease. Image credit: Wretlind et al., doi: 10.1002/alz.70512.

Omega Fatty Acids Could Protect against Alzheimer’s Disease in Women

Aug 20, 2025 by News Staff

New research demonstrates that associations between various lipids and Alzheimer’s disease — a devastating neurological disease that disproportionately...

This illustration depicts a 3D computer-generated image of a group of Escherichia coli. Image credit: James Archer, CDC.

Caffeine Can Reduce Effectiveness of Certain Antibiotics, New Research Suggests

Aug 14, 2025 by News Staff

Researchers from the University of Tübingen and the University of Würzburg have found that ingredients of our daily diet — including caffeine...

Torres et al. synthesized 80 archaeasins, 93% of which showed antimicrobial activity in vitro against Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus spp. Image credit: Torres et al., doi: 10.1038/s41564-025-02061-0.

AI Finds New Molecules with Potential Antimicrobial Activity in Archaea

Aug 12, 2025 by News Staff

Antimicrobial resistance is one of the greatest threats facing humanity, making the need for new antibiotics more critical than ever. While most antibiotics...

Upper airway muscle training by blowing shankh improves subjective measurements of daytime sleepiness and sleep quality with improvement in objective measures of severity of obstructive sleep apnea. Image credit: Sharma et al., doi: 10.1183/23120541.00258-2025.

Ancient Practice of Blowing through Conch Shell Might Help Individuals with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Aug 11, 2025 by News Staff

Improvements in daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, and apnea-hypopnea index observed in a new study suggest that respiratory muscle training through shankh...

Thompson et al. investigated whether supplementing older adults with monthly doses of vitamin D alters the incidence of major cardiovascular events.

Study Finds Link between Low Vitamin D Levels and Increased Risk of COVID-19 Hospitalization

Jul 28, 2025 by News Staff

In a new analysis of data from the UK Biobank, vitamin D deficiency was associated with an increased risk of COVID-19 hospitalization but showed only a...

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