The Japanese archipelago, which has been occupied by humans for at least 38,000 years, underwent rapid transformations in the past 3,000 years, first from foraging to wet rice farming and then to state formation. A long-standing hypothesis suggested that mainland Japanese populations derive dual ancestry from indigenous Jomon hunter-gatherer-fishers, who inhabited the Japanese archipelago from around 16,000 to 3,000 years ago, and succeeding Yayoi...
