Physics News

Novel Algorithm Helps Produce High-Resolution Images of Hydrogen Fuel Cells

The PEMFC domain generated by Wang et al.: (a) 2D and (b) 3D rendering of the segmented membrane electrode assembly with artificially overlayed flow channels; the gas channel and land contacting the microporous gas diffusion layer are labeled. Image credit: Wang et al., doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-35973-8.
Feb 20, 2023 by News Staff

A team of scientists led by University of New South Wales researchers Ryan Armstrong, Chuan Zhao and Quentin Meyer has developed a new algorithm to improve the understanding of what is happening inside proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The PEMFC domain generated by Wang et al.: (a) 2D and (b) 3D rendering of the segmented membrane electrode assembly with artificially overlayed flow channels; the gas channel and land contacting the microporous gas...

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Gharib et al. draw upon a fresh look at one of da Vinci’s notebooks to show that the famed polymath had devised experiments to demonstrate that gravity is a form of acceleration -- and that he further modeled the gravitational constant to around 97% accuracy. Image credit: Caltech.

Leonardo Da Vinci’s Understanding of Gravity was Centuries Ahead of His Time

Feb 14, 2023 by News Staff

Despite limited tools, Leonardo da Vinci displayed ingenious problemsolving. In their new paper, Caltech Professor Mory Gharib and colleagues examined...

A jar with the medium-density amorphous ice inside, with steel balls and liquid nitrogen. Image credit: Rosu-Finsen et al., doi: 10.1126/science.abq2105.

New Form of Ice Discovered: Medium-Density Amorphous Ice

Feb 3, 2023 by News Staff

Water ice has many crystalline phases, along with a few amorphous structures. The complex structural diagram is important to understand because of the...

Strongly driven systems of emitters offer an attractive source of light over broad spectral ranges up to the X-ray region. A key limitation of these systems is that the light they emit is mostly classical. Pizzi et al. overcome this constraint by building a quantum-optical theory of strongly driven many-body systems, showing that the presence of correlations among the emitters creates emission of non-classical many-photon states of light. Image credit: DeepAI / Sci.News.

Theoretical Physicists Devise New Path toward High-Energy ‘Quantum Light’

Feb 2, 2023 by News Staff

Physicists have developed a novel theory describing a new state of light, which has controllable quantum properties over a broad range of frequencies,...

Dark photons are hypothetical dark sector particles proposed as a force carrier similar to the photon of electromagnetism but potentially connected to dark matter. Image credit: University of Adelaide.

Physicists Reveal New Dark Matter Candidate: Highly Interactive Particle Relics

Jan 24, 2023 by News Staff

In the HighlY Interactive ParticlE Relics (HYPER) model, some time after the formation of dark matter in the early Universe, the strength of its interaction...

Computer simulation of neutron stars merging to form a black hole, with their accretion disks interacting to produce electromagnetic waves. Image credit: L. Rezolla, AEI / M. Koppitz, AEI & Zuse-Institut Berlin.

Gravitational Waves May Reveal Start of Time, Physicists Say

Jan 23, 2023 by News Staff

Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory physicists Deepen Garg and Ilya Dodin say they can better understand the state of the cosmos shortly after the Big...

The phi meson is made of a strange quark and strange antiquark held together by the exchange of gluons. Image credit: Brookhaven National Laboratory.

Local Fluctuations in Nuclear Strong Force May Influence Spin Orientation of Particles

Jan 18, 2023 by News Staff

Physicists from the STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, an atom smasher at Brookhaven National Laboratory, have tracked pairs of...

The 124-m-high telecommunication tower of Säntis in Switzerland; also shown is the path of the laser recorded with its second harmonic at 515 nm. Image credit: Houard et al., doi: 10.1038/s41566-022-01139-z.

Firing Intense Laser Pulses at the Sky Can Divert Lightning

Jan 17, 2023 by News Staff

Scientists have demonstrated that laser-induced filaments — formed in the sky by short and intense laser pulses — can guide lightning discharges...

The STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) acts like a giant 3D digital camera to track particles emerging from particle collisions at the center of the detector. Image credit: Brookhaven National Laboratory.

New Method Lets Physicists ‘See’ Details inside Atomic Nuclei

Jan 4, 2023 by News Staff

The novel method, developed by nuclear physicists at the STAR detector of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), relies on particles of light that...

Ionocaloric refrigeration would eliminate the risk of greenhouse gases escaping into the atmosphere by replacing them with solid and liquid components. Image credit: Jenny Nuss / Berkeley Lab.

Ionocaloric Cooling: Novel Method of Refrigeration Developed

Jan 4, 2023 by News Staff

Solid- or liquid-state cooling strategies often rely on caloric effects in which materials are taken through some sort of phase change. Researchers from...

View of the LHCb detector. Image credit: CERN.

New Lepton Universality Measurements Show Agreement with Standard Model

Dec 28, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists from the LHCb Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have performed new tests of lepton universality, one of the basic principles...

To create fusion ignition, NIF’s laser energy is converted into X-rays inside the hohlraum, which then compress a fuel capsule until it implodes, creating a high temperature, high pressure plasma. Image credit: National Ignition Facility, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory.

Physicists Achieve Key Milestone in Nuclear Fusion Energy

Dec 13, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists with the National Ignition Facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory have successfully produced a nuclear fusion reaction resulting...

An artist’s impression of the ALICE study of Milky Way’s transparency to antimatter. Image credit: ORIGINS Cluster, Technical University Munich.

Milky Way is Partially Transparent to Light Antimatter Nuclei: Study

Dec 13, 2022 by News Staff

Antimatter particles such as positrons and antiprotons abound in the cosmos. Much less common are light antinuclei, composed of antiprotons and antineutrons,...

Left: tracks in the STAR detector from collisions of a 3.85 GeV gold beam in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider hitting a gold target from the left. Upper right: radial projection perpendicular to the beam. Lower right: side projection along the beam. Image credit: STAR Collaboration.

Physicists Investigate Phase Diagram of Nuclear Matter

Dec 7, 2022 by News Staff

Nuclear matter is a hypothetic substance consisting of interacting quarks and gluons in large enough numbers that the system can be considered infinite. Left:...

ATLAS candidate event for a Higgs boson decaying into two Z bosons that in turn decay into two muons and two electrons. Image credit: CERN.

ATLAS Physicists Measure Decay Width of Higgs Boson

Nov 29, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists from the ATLAS Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have performed new measurements of Higgs boson’s decay width, which is...

An artist’s impression of an intermediate-mass black hole. Image credit: Sci-News.com.

Modeling Study Sheds New Light on Quantum Properties of Black Holes

Oct 31, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

University of Queensland theoretical physicist Joshua Foo and his colleagues form the University of Queensland, Perimeter Institute and the University...

Proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom. This artist’s impression shows a proton and a neutron. Image credit: Joanna Griffin / Jefferson Lab / Penn State.

Physicists Precisely Measure Electric Polarizability of Proton

Oct 19, 2022 by News Staff

Though widely thought to be a fluke when seen in earlier measurements, the new, more precise measurement has confirmed the presence of the anomaly and...

An artist’s impression of a light hypernucleus. Image credit: Keiko Murano / RIKEN.

CERN Physicists Measure Properties of Hypernuclei

Sep 22, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists from the ALICE Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider have precisely measured two properties of hypernuclei that may exist in the cores...

An artist’s impression of the MICROSCOPE satellite. Image credit: CNES / David Ducros.

MICROSCOPE Space Mission Confirms Equivalence Principle with Unprecedented Accuracy

Sep 15, 2022 by News Staff

The final results from CNES’ MICROSCOPE (MICROSatellite with Compensated drag for the Observation of the Principle of Equivalence) space mission —...

Kapil et al. describe the phase behavior of monolayer-confined water by calculating its pressure-temperature phase diagram: (a-g) the pressure-temperature phase diagram of monolayer water was calculated using an machine learning potential that delivers first-principles accuracy; the solid and dashed lines indicate first-order and continuous phase transitions, respectively; the gray regions indicate the statistical uncertainty for solid-solid phase transitions and, for the other transitions, the uncertainties arising from studying a finite number of thermodynamic states; the diagonally hatched area indicates the region in which square and flat-rhombic phases are near degenerate; diagrams of the hexagonal (a), pentagonal (b), square (c), flat-rhombic (d), hexatic (e), superionic (f) and liquid (g) phases are shown with oxygen atoms in red, hydrogen atoms in gray and hydrogen bonds shown by blue lines. Image credit: Kapil et al., doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05036-x.

Monolayer-Confined Water Acts Like Neither Liquid Nor Solid, Scientists Say

Sep 14, 2022 by News Staff

Water in a one-molecule layer acts like neither a liquid nor a solid, and becomes highly conductive at high pressures, according to a new paper published...

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