Tag Archive for 'Proton'

Mirror nuclei, such as oxygen-18 and neon-18, have the same number of protons and neutrons (18), but while oxygen-18 has 8 protons and 10 neutrons, neon-18 has 10 protons & 8 neutrons. When they absorb enough energy, they can decay and emit an alpha particle (2 protons and 2 neutrons). Image credit: M. Barbui.

Nuclear Physicists Find Evidence of Superradiance in Mirror Nuclei

Jun 28, 2023 by News Staff

Superradiance occurs when an atomic nucleus reaches a high excitation energy. Mirror nuclei, such as oxygen-18 and neon-18, have the same number of protons...

An artist’s impression of the early Earth. Image credit: NASA.

Energetic Particles from Young Sun May Have Kickstarted Life on Early Earth

May 2, 2023 by News Staff

Life most likely started during the Hadean Eon (4.5 to 4 billion years ago). However, the environmental conditions which contributed to the complexity...

The PEMFC domain generated by Wang et al.: (a) 2D and (b) 3D rendering of the segmented membrane electrode assembly with artificially overlayed flow channels; the gas channel and land contacting the microporous gas diffusion layer are labeled. Image credit: Wang et al., doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-35973-8.

Novel Algorithm Helps Produce High-Resolution Images of Hydrogen Fuel Cells

Feb 20, 2023 by News Staff

A team of scientists led by University of New South Wales researchers Ryan Armstrong, Chuan Zhao and Quentin Meyer has developed a new algorithm to improve...

Left: tracks in the STAR detector from collisions of a 3.85 GeV gold beam in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider hitting a gold target from the left. Upper right: radial projection perpendicular to the beam. Lower right: side projection along the beam. Image credit: STAR Collaboration.

Physicists Investigate Phase Diagram of Nuclear Matter

Dec 7, 2022 by News Staff

Nuclear matter is a hypothetic substance consisting of interacting quarks and gluons in large enough numbers that the system can be considered infinite. Left:...

Proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom. This artist’s impression shows a proton and a neutron. Image credit: Joanna Griffin / Jefferson Lab / Penn State.

Physicists Precisely Measure Electric Polarizability of Proton

Oct 19, 2022 by News Staff

Though widely thought to be a fluke when seen in earlier measurements, the new, more precise measurement has confirmed the presence of the anomaly and...

An artist’s impression of a light hypernucleus. Image credit: Keiko Murano / RIKEN.

CERN Physicists Measure Properties of Hypernuclei

Sep 22, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists from the ALICE Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider have precisely measured two properties of hypernuclei that may exist in the cores...

Patchy proton aurora on Mars. Image credit: EMM / EMUS / UAE Space Agency.

MAVEN and EMM Orbiters Observe ‘Patchy’ Proton Aurora on Mars

Aug 31, 2022 by News Staff

Even though Mars does not have a global magnetic field like the Earth, it still possesses multiple kinds of aurora. One of these is proton aurora, which...

In this multiwavelength view, radio emission from SNR G106.3+2.7 is blue and green, while yellow, orange, and red reveal radio waves from a vast cloud of interstellar gas; at center, the pink region shows where protons boosted by the supernova’s shock wave strike the gas, emitting a tell-tale glow of gamma rays. Image credit: Jayanne English, University of Manitoba / NASA / Fermi / Fang et al. / Canadian Galactic Plane Survey / DRAO / FCRAO.

Supernova Remnants are Sources of Extreme PeVatron Particles: Study

Aug 10, 2022 by News Staff

SNR G106.3+2.7, a supernova remnant located about 2,600 light-years away in the constellation of Cepheus, is producing protons with energies 10 times greater...

The strong force is the fundamental force that binds smaller particles called quarks into larger particles called protons and neutrons. Image credit: Gerd Altmann.

Physicists Determine Strong Force Coupling at Largest Distances Yet

Aug 4, 2022 by News Staff

The strong force, also referred to as the strong nuclear force, is one of the four basic forces in nature, along with gravity, the electromagnetic force,...

Schematic illustration of the quasi-elastic reaction investigated by Duer et al. Top: quasi-elastic scattering of the helium-4 (4He) core from a helium-8 (8He) projectile off a proton target in the laboratory frame. The length of the arrows represents the momentum per nucleon (the velocity) of the incoming and outgoing particles. Zbeam is the beam axis. Bottom: the equivalent p-4He elastic scattering in their center-of-mass frame, where we consider reactions at backward angles close to 180°. In this frame, the momentum of the proton balances that of 4He, Pp=−P4He, that is, the proton is four times faster than 4He. Image credit: Duer et al., doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-04827-6.

Physicists Observe Elusive Four-Neutron System: Tetraneutron

Jun 23, 2022 by Enrico de Lazaro

Physicists using the Superconducting Analyzer for Multi-particles from Radio Isotope Beams (SAMURAI) in Japan have experimentally observed a resonance-like...

Many technologies key to modern society are vulnerable to solar storms. Image credit: National Space Weather Program.

Extreme Solar Storm Hit Our Planet 9,200 Years Ago

Jan 27, 2022 by News Staff

During solar storms, the Sun expels large amounts of energetic particles that can react with the atmosphere of Earth and produce cosmogenic isotopes such...

Frequency-time spectrum of (a) a 65Ni resonance, (b) the temporal ion-bunch structure, and (c) the laser-spectroscopic resonance spectrum; (d) a resonance of 70Ni. Image credit: Malbrunot-Ettenauer et al., doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.022502.

CERN Physicists Measure Charge Radii of ‘Magic’ Nickel Nuclei

Jan 26, 2022 by News Staff

A unique combination of experimental data from CERN’s Isotope mass Separator On-Line (ISOLDE) facility and state-of-the-art models has resulted in an...

Physicists Detect Exotic Particles in Quark-Gluon Plasma

Jan 25, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists from the CMS (Compact Muon Solenoid) Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider have detected about 100 particles of a type known as X(3872)...

Artist’s impression of a cloud of trapped antihydrogen atoms. Image credit: Chukman So.

Antimatter Responds to Gravity in Same Way as Regular Matter, New Experiments Suggest

Jan 6, 2022 by News Staff

The Standard Model of particle physics is both incredibly successful and glaringly incomplete. Among the questions left open is the striking imbalance...

Magnesium-18. Image credit: S.M. Wang / Fudan University & Facility for Rare Isotope Beams, Michigan State University.

Physicists Create New Isotope of Magnesium

Dec 24, 2021 by News Staff

Magnesium-18 (18Mg) is the lightest isotope of magnesium, which is element 12 on the periodic table. Magnesium-18. Image credit: S.M. Wang / Fudan University...

A proton-proton collision event with six muons (red lines) produced in the decays of three J/ψ particles. Image credit: CMS / CERN.

CERN Physicists Observe Triple J-psi Meson Production

Nov 4, 2021 by News Staff

Physicists from the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have observed three J/ψ particles emerging from...

Gonzalez et al. report an improved measurement of the free neutron lifetime. Image credit: Tomislav Jakupec.

Physicists Measure Neutron Lifetime with Unprecedented Precision

Oct 14, 2021 by News Staff

Physicists have performed an improved measurement of the free neutron lifetime using the UCNτ apparatus at the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center. Their...

High-precision mass measurements of neutron-deficient indium isotopes with ISOLTRAP: radioactive atoms were produced by nuclear reactions of 1.4 GeV protons impinging on a thick lanthanum carbide target; short-lived indium atoms diffusing from the target were selectively ionized using a two-step laser excitation scheme, provided by the ISOLDE RILIS, which excited one electron above the indium ionization potential (IP); the extracted ion beam was mass separated and injected into a radiofrequency quadrupole (RFQ) ion trap sitting on a high-voltage (HV) platform, where it was bunched and cooled; the beam was then processed by an MR-ToF MS to separate the indium ions from the isobaric contaminants; when the precision Penning trap was used for the mass measurement, further cooling and purification of the beam was achieved using a helium buffer-gas-filled preparation Penning trap; a position-sensitive microchannel plate (MCP) detector was used to record the time of flight and/or the position of the ion after ejection from the precision Penning trap; in the case of indium-99, for which the production yield was too low, the MR-ToF MS was used to perform the mass measurement. Image credit: Mougeot et al., doi: 10.1038/s41567-021-01326-9.

CERN Physicists Measure Masses of Exotic Indium Nuclei

Sep 27, 2021 by News Staff

The isotope tin-100 is of interest for nuclear structure due to its closed-shell proton and neutron configurations. It is also the heaviest nucleus comprising...

Display of a candidate WWW→ 3 leptons + neutrinos event; the event is identified by its decay to a muon (red line), two electrons (blue lines) and missing transverse energy (white dashed line). Image credit: CERN.

CERN Physicists Observe Triple W-Boson Production

Jul 27, 2021 by News Staff

Physicists from the ATLAS Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have observed a process called WWW production: the simultaneous creation...

NASA’s Parker Solar Probe approaching the Sun. Image credit: NASA’s Scientific Visualization Studio.

Parker Solar Probe Reveals New Insights on Electric Field of the Sun

Jul 14, 2021 by News Staff

Using data from NASA’s Parker Solar Probe, a team of solar physicists calculated the distribution of electrons within the electric field of the Sun;...

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