Contrary to dogma that defensive venoms are simple in composition, mottled cup moth caterpillars (Doratifera vulnerans) produce a very complex venom containing 151 toxins spanning 59 families, most of which are peptides. The mottled cup moth caterpillar (Doratifera vulnerans). Image credit: Jiayi Jin. Doratifera vulnerans is a common culprit of caterpillar envenomations in Australia. The binomial name of this species etymologically means ‘bearer...