Minerals are the building blocks of rocks, and the types of minerals and their chemistry provide critical information about rock formation and history. On Mars, NASA’s Perseverance rover, equipped with the Planetary Instrument for X-ray Lithochemistry (PIXL), generates geochemical maps of rock surfaces. In new research, scientists analyzed the results of over 90,000 chemical analyses performed by PIXL in the first 1,100 days on Mars and found that...