A new study, published in the journal Animal Welfare, shows that some people are particularly good at identifying feline emotions from cats’ faces; women are more successful at this task than men, and younger participants more successful than older, as are participants with professional feline (e.g. veterinary) experience. You can visit a dedicated website where you can test your own cat-reading abilities.
People can infer cats’ affective states from subtle aspects of their facial expressions — although most find this challenging — and some individuals are very good at doing so. Image credit: CaptainMeo.
“The ability to read animals’ facial expressions is critical to welfare assessment,” said University of Guelph’s Professor Lee Niel, co-lead author of the study.
“Our finding that some people are outstanding at reading these subtle clues suggests it’s a skill more people can be trained to do.”
“Our study is the first to look at the assessment of a wider range of negative emotional states in animals, including fear and frustration, as well as positive emotional states,” said co-lead author Professor Georgia Mason, also from the University of Guelph.
The study recruited 6,329 people from 85 countries who were asked to watch 20 short online videos of cats from a collection of 40 videos, gleaned mostly from YouTube, and complete online questionnaires.
The videos showed cats experiencing either positive emotional states (situations the cats had sought out, such as being petted or given treats), or in negative states (such as experiencing health problems or being in situations that made them retreat or flee).
Each video was focused on the cat’s face — its eyes, muzzle and mouth.
None of the cats showed expressions of fear, such as bared fangs or flattened ears, since these facial expressions are already widely understood.
Participants were asked to judge whether each cat was in a positive state, a negative one, or if they weren’t sure.
Most participants found the test challenging. Their average score was 11.85 out of 20 — somewhat above chance.
But 13% of the participants performed very well, correctly scoring 15 or better — a group the researchers informally called ‘the cat whisperers.’
These people were more likely to be women than men, and more likely to be veterinarians or vet technicians. Younger adults also generally scored better than older adults.
“The fact that women generally scored better than men is consistent with previous research that has shown that women appear to be better at decoding non-verbal displays of emotion, both in humans and dogs,” Professor Mason said.
Surprisingly, being a cat lover made no difference at all, since reporting a strong attachment to cats did not necessarily result in a higher score.
The finding that some people are skilled at reading cats’ faces suggests that others could be trained to do so as well.
“This is important to be able to do because it could help strengthen the bond between owners and cats, and so improve cat care and welfare,” Professor Niel said.
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L.C. Dawson et al. 2019. Humans can identify cats’ affective states from subtle facial expressions. Animal Welfare 28 (4): 519-531; doi: 10.7120/09627286.28.4.519
