Tag Archive for 'Temperature'

Phase diagram of ice: dark blue-, green-, and red-shaded regions denote ice VII, VIIt and X, respectively, and projected phase boundaries separating high-pressure ice phases from our work are shown as solid black lines; ice X phase boundaries connect the measured transition at 30.9 GPa and 300 K to the inflection point in the melt curve, which have been associated with the transition from molecular to ionic fluid; dashed lines show measured melting curves; superionic boundary is highlighted. Image credit: Grande et al., doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.105.104109.

New Form of Ice Discovered: Ice VIIt

Mar 21, 2022 by News Staff

Physicists have observed the transition from a previously known cubic phase, ice VII, to the newly-discovered intermediate, and tetragonal, phase, ice...

Carcharocles megalodon pursuing two prehistoric whales. Image credit: Karen Carr / CC BY 3.0.

Megalodon Grew to Larger Sizes in Cooler Waters: Study

Mar 8, 2022 by News Staff

Otodus megalodon, the largest shark that ever lived on Earth, most certainly reached at least 15 m (50 feet) in total length based on its gigantic teeth....

Infrared thermographic image taken from FLIR Tools, showing an aggressive encounter between two juvenile pheasants (middle right of the image). The scale at the top indicates the color coding of temperatures, while the red, upwards-pointing triangles automatically pinpoint the maximum temperature within a selection box drawn manually around each pheasant’s head. Here, the aggressor on the left (Bx1), with a maximum head temperature of 37.5 degrees Celsius, has just delivered an aggressive peck to the recipient on the right (Bx2), who has a maximum head temperature of 35.7 degrees Celsius. The background reference temperature is 26.5 degrees Celsius, taken from a white plastic drinker filled with water (Sp1), suspended above the pen floor (top left of image). Image credit: Sophia et al., doi: 10.1098/rstb.2020.0442.

Study: Aggressive Interactions Induce Rapid Temperature Changes in Pheasants

Jan 10, 2022 by News Staff

In a new study, researchers from the University of Exeter and the University of Plymouth monitored thermographic changes in captive flocks of juvenile...

An illustration depicting the onset of the end-Permian mass extinction. Image credit: Dawid Adam Iurino / PaleoFactory, Sapienza University of Rome / Jurikova et al, doi: 10.1038/s41561-020-00646-4.

Toxic Microbes Helped Cause and Prolong End-Permian Marine Mass Extinction, Study Suggests

Dec 20, 2021 by News Staff

Extreme warming at the end of the Permian period induced profound changes in marine biogeochemical cycling and animal habitability, leading to the largest...

Brontosaurus acted as an ecosystem engineer in a warm and vegetated landscape not dissimilar to modern-day savannah type biomes. Image credit: Emiliano Troco.

Sauropod Dinosaurs Preferred to Live in Warmer, More Tropical Regions

Dec 17, 2021 by News Staff

Dinosaurs dominated Mesozoic terrestrial ecosystems globally. However, whereas a pole-to-pole geographic distribution characterized ornithischian and theropod...

Delhey et al. demonstrate a general association between lightness and migratory behavior across all birds; their results confirm previous findings reporting a correlation between plumage lightness and migration, where the authors of those studies speculated that lighter plumage in migratory birds may be used in competition for territories; instead, Delhey et al. suggest thermoregulation as an alternative explanation that fits with the reported changes in migration altitude between night and day. Image credit: Frauke Riether.

Migratory Birds are Lighter Colored, New Study Shows

Dec 7, 2021 by News Staff

Migratory birds undertake long and challenging journeys that have selected for a suite of adaptations. Several recent studies revealed that migrating individuals...

Optical photographs of the recovered amorphous carbon (AC) samples from different conditions: (a) optical photographs of AC-1 synthesized at 20 GPa and 1,000 degrees Celsius; (b) AC-2, 25 GPa and 1,000 degrees Celsius; (c) AC-3, 27 GPa and 1,000 degrees Celsius; (d) AC-4, 27 GPa and 900 degrees Celsius; (e) AC-5, 30 GPa and 870 degrees Celsius; and (f) AC-6, 37 GPa and 450 degrees Celsius. Image credit: Shang et al., doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03882-9.

Researchers Create Ultrahard Diamond Glass

Nov 25, 2021 by News Staff

The new form of carbon glass synthesized by scientists from Jilin University and elsewhere consists of many randomly oriented clusters with diamond-like...

An electrically conductive and durable yarn was sewn onto fabric and became a wearable heater (high temperatures indicated by yellows and reds) when a safe voltage was applied. Image credit: Pattanarat et al., doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c13329.

Researchers Develop Wearable Electric Heater

Oct 21, 2021 by News Staff

Scientists have created a textile-based wearable heater based on highly durable conductive yarns. An electrically conductive and durable yarn was sewn...

An artist’s impression of the early Venus. Image credit: Manchu.

Venus Never Had Oceans, New Study Suggests

Oct 18, 2021 by News Staff

New research led by the Observatoire astronomique de l’Université de Genève suggests that water never condensed and that, consequently, oceans never...

Pluto’s haze layer shows its blue color in this picture taken by the New Horizons Ralph/Multispectral Visible Imaging Camera (MVIC). The high-altitude haze is thought to be similar in nature to that seen at Saturn’s moon Titan. The source of both hazes likely involves sunlight-initiated chemical reactions of nitrogen and methane, leading to relatively small, soot-like particles -- called tholins -- that grow as they settle toward the surface. This image was generated by software that combines information from blue, red and near-infrared images to replicate the color a human eye would perceive as closely as possible. Image credit: NASA / Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory / Southwest Research Institute.

Pluto’s Nitrogen Atmosphere is Condensing as Dwarf Planet Moves Away from Sun

Oct 5, 2021 by News Staff

The surface pressure on the dwarf planet Pluto is decreasing and that its nitrogen atmosphere is condensing, forming ice on the dwarf planet’s surface,...

Hantak et al. tested three hypotheses of body size variation across urbanization gradients: urban heat island effects, habitat fragmentation, and resource availability. Image credit: TeeFarm.

Urbanization is Causing Mammals to Grow Bigger, New Study Says

Aug 18, 2021 by News Staff

A research team led by Florida Museum of Natural History scientists has compiled 140,499 body size records of over 100 North American mammals to test how...

Jupiter is shown in visible light for context underneath an artistic impression of the Jovian upper atmosphere’s infrared glow. The brightness of this upper atmosphere layer corresponds to temperatures, from hot to cold, in this order: white, yellow, bright red and lastly, dark red. The aurorae are the hottest regions and the image shows how heat may be carried by winds away from the aurora and cause planet-wide heating. Image credit: J. O’Donoghue, JAXA / Hubble / NASA / ESA / A. Simon / J. Schmidt.

Jupiter’s Powerful Polar Aurorae are Responsible for Upper-Atmospheric Heating, Study Shows

Aug 5, 2021 by News Staff

The upper atmosphere of Jupiter is hotter than expected from the amount of sunlight that it receives: the average temperature should be about minus 73...

Torvosaurus gurneyi. Image credit: © Sergey Krasovskiy.

Cretaceous Dinosaurs Lived in Warm and Variable Greenhouse Climate, Study Suggests

Jun 11, 2021 by News Staff

Paleoclimatologists have precisely reconstructed monthly sea surface temperatures at around 50 °N latitude from fossil shells of bivalve mollusks that...

The hexagonal electronic lattice (green) of beryllonitrene conforms to its crystal structure, and looks like a slightly distorted honeycomb; the beryllium atoms are shown as gray balls, nitrogen atoms as blue balls. Image credit: M. Bykov.

Scientists Synthesize New Two-Dimensional Material

May 4, 2021 by Enrico de Lazaro

Named beryllonitrene, the new two-dimensional (2D) material consists of regularly arranged nitrogen (N) and beryllium (Be) atoms and has an unusual electronic...

An artist’s impression of the Roque 12 binary system in the Pleiades cluster. Image credit: Sci-News.com / NASA / ESA / AURA / Caltech.

Exoplanets and Brown Dwarfs Could Be Used as Detectors of Light Dark Matter, Physicists Say

Apr 26, 2021 by News Staff

Dark matter with masses below 1 GeV can scatter, become captured, deposit annihilation energy, and increase the heat flow within extrasolar gas giants,...

Rare Wild Coffee Species Has Arabica-Like Flavor, Greater Tolerance to Higher Temperatures

Apr 20, 2021 by Natali Anderson

The enigmatic narrow-leaved coffee (Coffea stenophylla), a rare and little-known species of wild coffee from West Africa, has a similar flavor profile...

This artist’s illustration depicts how, centuries ago, people believed that small worms living within the tooth caused excruciating pain via their cold breath. Proof of tooth worms came when an inflamed tooth was ripped out and small stringy structures -- the nerves and blood vessels -- were visible within the disintegrating pulp and dentin. The tooth worms are actually odontoblasts, cells that form the dentin layer of the tooth, which encases the soft tooth pulp. Bernal et al. demonstrated that the cold sensation in our teeth is mediated by the odontoblast (green structures) and transmitted to the brain via nerves (red), where pain is perceived. Image credit: Katharina Zimmermann.

Scientists Figure Out How Teeth Sense Cold

Mar 29, 2021 by News Staff

Odontoblasts, cells that form dentin, the shell beneath the tooth’s enamel that encases the soft dental pulp containing nerves and blood vessels, contain...

$Illustration showing the relationship between ice VI and XIX unit cells viewed down their c-axes, and the differences in their diffraction patterns, with color coding red for ice XIX and blue for ice VI. Image credit: University of Innsbruck.$

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Tag Archive for Temperature