The oral microbiome plays key roles in human biology, health, and disease, but little is known about the global diversity, variation, or evolution of this microbial community. To better understand the evolution and changing ecology of the human oral microbiome, a multinational team of scientists analyzed dental biofilm metagenomes of Neanderthals and Late Pleistocene to present-day humans spanning the past 100,000 years and compared them with those...
