Tag Archive for 'Early Universe'

The very massive first-generation stars with a mass range from 140 to 260 solar masses are predicted to enrich the early interstellar medium through pair-instability supernovae; decades of observational efforts, however, have not been able to uniquely identify the imprints of such very massive stars on the most metal-poor stars in the Milky Way. Image credit: NAOC.

Galactic Halo Star’s Chemical Signature Indicates Existence of Very Massive Stars in Early Universe

Jun 7, 2023 by News Staff

Early Universe’s stars had up to several hundred solar masses. The earliest stars of 140-260 solar masses became pair-instability supernovae (PISNe)....

The hyperluminous star-forming galaxy GN-z11 hosts an accreting black hole. Image credit: NASA / ESA / P. Oesch, Yale University / G. Brammer, STScI / P. van Dokkum, Yale University / G. Illingworth, University of California, Santa Cruz / Sci.News.

Webb Detects Small and Vigorous Black Hole in Early Universe

Jun 6, 2023 by Sergio Prostak

The newly-discovered black hole resides in the hyperluminous galaxy GN-z11 at a redshift of 11 and could have originated from a stellar mass seed at redshifts...

In this false-color Webb image, the foreground galaxy is shown in blue, while the SPT0418-47 galaxy is red; the organic molecules are highlighted in orange. Image credit: J. Spilker / S. Doyle / NASA / ESA / CSA.

Webb Finds Complex Organic Molecules in Early Universe

Jun 5, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Using the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have detected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in SPT-S J041839-4751.9 (SPT0418-47 for short),...

A projected image of the galaxy JD1 (inset), which is located behind the galaxy cluster Abell 2744. Image credit: Guido Roberts-Borsani, UCLA / NASA / ESA / CSA / Swinburne University of Technology / University of Pittsburgh / STScI.

Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy Spotted Just 480 Million Years after Big Bang

Jun 3, 2023 by News Staff

Residing behind a galaxy supercluster called Abell 2744, the JD1 galaxy is gravitationally lensed and displays three images. A projected image of the galaxy...

An artist’s impression of a supermassive black hole. Image credit: University of Hawai’i at Mānoa.

Astronomers Detect Supermassive Black Holes in ‘Cosmic Noon’ Galaxy Pairs

May 11, 2023 by News Staff

Astronomers at Newcastle University and Colby College have developed a new technique to determine how likely it is that two galaxies are very close together...

This artist’s impression shows a distant gas cloud that contains different chemical elements, illustrated here with schematic representations of various atoms. Image credit: L. Calçada / M. Kornmesser / ESO.

VLT Detects Chemical Signatures of Universe’s First Stars in Distant Gas Clouds

May 4, 2023 by News Staff

Astronomers using ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) have detected three distant gas clouds whose chemical composition matches what they expect from the...

This Webb image shows member galaxies of the galaxy cluster A2744-z7p9OD. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / T. Morishita, IPAC / A. Pagan, STScI.

Webb Spots Galaxy Protocluster in Early Universe

Apr 25, 2023 by News Staff

The seven galaxies highlighted in this new image from the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope have been confirmed to be at a distance that astronomers...

Color-composite image of the galaxy cluster RX J2129.6+0005; green circles indicate three lensed images of the dwarf starburst galaxy RX J2129-z95. Image credit: Williams et al., doi: 10.1126/science.adf5307.

Webb Finds Tiny Star-Forming Galaxy in Early Universe

Apr 13, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

The newly-discovered galaxy, named RX J2129-z95, appears as three images due to the gravitational lensing of the foreground galaxy cluster RX J2129.6+0005....

Astronomers from the ACT Collaboration used NSF’s Atacama Cosmology Telescope to create this new map of the dark matter; the orange regions show where there is more mass; purple where there is less or none; the typical features are hundreds of millions of light years across; the whitish band shows where contaminating light from dust in our Milky Way Galaxy, measured by ESA’s Planck satellite, obscures a deeper view. Image credit: ACT Collaboration.

Astronomers Create Most Detailed Map of Dark Matter

Apr 11, 2023 by News Staff

Using data from NSF’s Atacama Cosmology Telescope, astronomers have produced the most detailed map of dark matter distributed across one quarter of the...

To the lower right of this Webb image is the lensing cluster SDSS J1226+2149 with a very large and bright elliptical galaxy at its center; thin, reddish, stretched-out arcs surround it; one arc is thick and much brighter; another red galaxy is large and warped, just next to the cluster core. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / Webb / J. Rigby.

Webb Spots Cosmic Seahorse

Apr 5, 2023 by News Staff

The lensing galaxy cluster SDSS J1226+2149 has magnified distant galaxies, warping their shapes and creating the bright smears of light spread throughout...

This artist’s concept shows the brilliant glare of two quasars residing in the cores of two galaxies that are in the chaotic process of merging. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Joseph Olmsted, STScI.

Merger of Two Massive Disk Galaxies Produces Dual Quasar

Apr 5, 2023 by News Staff

Using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and other space and ground-based observatories, astronomers have discovered SDSS J0749+2255, a closely bound...

This image shows the Spiderweb protocluster, seen at a time when the Universe was only 3 billion years old. Image credit: ESO / Di Mascolo et al. / NASA / ESA / Hubble / H. Ford.

ALMA Detects Huge Reservoir of Hot Gas in Very Distant Galaxy Protocluster

Mar 29, 2023 by News Staff

The galaxy protocluster is question is forming around the recently-discovered Spiderweb galaxy (also known as MRC 1138-262 or PKS 1138-262), an object...

Hartwig et al. shed a new light on solving the mystery of the first stars from the complex data set of Galactic archaeology surveys. Image credit: Kavli IPMU.

Universe’s First Stars were Born in Small Clusters, Study Suggests

Mar 23, 2023 by News Staff

In unveiling the nature of the first stars, the main astronomical clue is the elemental compositions of the second generation of stars, observed as extremely...

The first epoch of COSMOS-Web NIRCam observations obtained on January 5 and 6, 2023, including the F115W, F150W, F277W, and F444W filters as a color composite. Image credit: COSMOS-Web / Casey et al. / RIT / UT Austin / IAP / CANDIDE.

New Webb Images Offer Treasure Trove of Early Galaxies

Mar 13, 2023 by News Staff

Astronomers from the COSMOS-Web program released mosaic images taken in early January 2023 by the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) and Mid-Infrared Instrument...

This Webb image shows the massive galaxy cluster RX J2129.6+0005; due to gravitational lensing, this observation contains three different images of a distant galaxy that hosted the Type Ia supernova event AT 2022riv. Image credit: NASA / ESA / CSA / Webb / P. Kelly.

Webb Sees Three Images of Same Supernova-Hosting Galaxy

Mar 10, 2023 by Enrico de Lazaro

Light from the distant supernova-hosting galaxy was gravitationally lensed by the foreground galaxy cluster RX J2129.6+0005 (RX J2129 for short). This...

This image features 3C 297 that is lonelier than expected after it likely pulled in and absorbed its former companion galaxies. In this new composite image, Chandra data is colored purple, VLA data is red and Gemini data is green. Visible light and infrared data from Hubble (blue and orange respectively) have also been included. Image credit: NASA / CXC / University of Torino / Missaglia et al. / ESA / STScI & International Gemini Observatory / NOIRLab / NSF / AURA / NRAO / AUI / NSF.

Chandra Finds Surprisingly Lonely Galaxy in Early Universe

Mar 9, 2023 by News Staff

3C 297 is located about 9.2 billion light-years away in the constellation of Virgo and contains a quasar, a supermassive black hole pulling in gas at the...

Davies et al. shed new light on the state of the Universe 13 billion years ago by measuring the density of carbon in the gases surrounding ancient galaxies. Image credit: Swinburne University of Technology.

Astronomers Measure Amount of Carbon around Galaxies in Early Universe

Mar 7, 2023 by News Staff

New research led by the Swinburne University of Technology shows that the amount of warm carbon suddenly increased by a factor of five over a period of...

Illustration of the quasar triplet system and its environment. Image credit: Ni et al., doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/aca160.

New Study Sheds Light on Origin of Ultramassive Black Holes in Early Universe

Mar 2, 2023 by News Staff

Ultramassive black holes with extreme masses of over 50 billion solar masses can be formed in the rare events that are multiple quasar mergers happening...

SPT0418-47 is gravitationally lensed by a foreground galaxy, appearing in the sky as a near-perfect ring of light -- a so-called Einstein ring. Image credit: ALMA / ESO / NAOJ / NRAO / Rizzo et al.

Dusty, Chemically Mature Galaxy Spotted in Early Universe

Feb 28, 2023 by News Staff

The newly-discovered galaxy, SPT0418-SE, and its much larger companion, SPT0418-47, reside in a massive dark-matter halo with yet-to-be-discovered neighbors,...

This Hubble image shows the spiral galaxy NGC 5033. The image is a composite of separate exposures acquired by Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). It is based on data obtained through two filters. The color results from assigning different hues to each monochromatic image associated with an individual filter. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / Judy Schmidt, www.geckzilla.com.

ALMA Detects Supermassive Black Hole in Early Star-Forming Galaxy

Feb 28, 2023 by News Staff

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) have detected a rapidly growing supermassive black hole in COS-87259, a galaxy that forms stars...

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