Tag Archive for 'Early Universe'

The star-forming dwarf galaxy J0811+4730 is a proxy for primordial galaxies. Image credit: University of Virginia.

Astronomers Find Record-Breaking Oxygen-Deficient Galaxy

Sep 26, 2017 by News Staff

The oxygen level in J0811+4730, a star-forming dwarf galaxy in the constellation Lynx, some 630 million light-years away, is the lowest yet discovered...

This artist’s conception illustrates one of the most primitive supermassive black holes known at the core of a young, star-rich galaxy. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech.

Primordial Black Hole-Neutron Star Interactions May Have Helped to Forge Universe’s Heaviest Elements

Aug 7, 2017 by News Staff

In a paper to be published in the journal Physical Review Letters (arXiv.org preprint), Professor George Fuller of the University of California, San Diego,...

According to Angles-Alcazar et al, up to 50% of matter in the Milky Way Galaxy may have an extragalactic origin. Image credit: NASA / JPL.

Up To 50% of Milky Way’s Matter Have Extragalactic Origin, Astrophysicists Say

Jul 27, 2017 by News Staff

A team of researchers at Northwestern University and elsewhere has discovered that — contrary to previously standard lore — up to 50% of the...

This image of the superluminous supernova DES15E2mlf was taken with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) gri-band filters mounted on the Blanco 4-m telescope at Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile on December 28, 2015, around the time when DES15E2mlf reached its peak luminosity. Image credit: D. Gerdes / S. Jouvel.

Astronomers Spot Most Distant Superluminous Supernova Yet

Jul 24, 2017 by News Staff

At a distance of 10 billion light-years, DES15E2mlf — a Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) spotted by the Dark Energy Survey collaboration —...

This artist’s illustration portrays what the gravitationally lensed galaxy SGAS 1110 might look like up close. A sea of young, blue stars is streaked with dark dust lanes and studded with bright pink patches that mark sites of star formation. SGAS 1110 is one of more than 70 studied as part of the Sloan Giant Arcs Survey, an imaging survey that searched 240 galaxy clusters to find new examples of gravitational lensing. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Z. Levay, STScI.

Hubble Finds Patches of Newborn Stars in Galaxy 11 Billion Light-Years from Earth

Jul 7, 2017 by News Staff

Astronomers using the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope have captured a detailed image of an extremely distant, gravitationally lensed galaxy they believe...

This artist’s concept shows what the young, ‘dead,’ disk galaxy MACS 2129-1 (right) would look like when compared with our Milky Way Galaxy (left). Although three times as massive as the Milky Way, it is only half the size. MACS 2129-1 is also spinning more than twice as fast as the Milky Way. Note that regions of the Milky Way are blue from bursts of star formation, while MACS 2129-1 is yellow, signifying an older star population and no new star birth. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Z. Levy, STScI.

Hubble Spots Massive, ‘Dead’ Disk Galaxy in Early Universe

Jun 23, 2017 by News Staff

Using a powerful astronomical technique called gravitational lensing, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope made a stunning discovery — the first example...

The giant elliptical galaxy in the center of this Hubble image is the most massive and brightest member of the galaxy cluster Abell 2261. Spanning a little more than one million light-years, the galaxy is about 10 times the diameter of the Milky Way Galaxy. Abell 2261 is located approximately 3 billion light-years away. Image credit: NASA / ESA / M. Postman, STScI / T. Lauer, NOAO / CLASH Team.

Brightest Cluster Galaxy Alignments Traced Back 10 Billion Years

Jun 13, 2017 by News Staff

A new study based on observations with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has shown that so-called brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) — the very...

An artist’s impression of a quasar and neighboring merging galaxy. The galaxies observed by Decarli et al are so distant that no detailed images are possible at present. This combination of images of nearby counterparts gives an impression of how they might look in more detail. Image credit: Max Planck Institute for Astronomy / NASA / ESA / Hubble.

Astronomers Discover New Kind of Galaxy: Rapidly Star-Forming Galaxies from Early Universe

May 25, 2017 by News Staff

Using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA), astronomers have discovered a new kind of galaxy which, although very old — formed...

With the final observation of the distant galaxy cluster Abell 370 -- approximately 6 billion light-years away -- the Frontier Fields program came to an end. Abell 370 is one of the very first galaxy clusters in which astronomers observed the phenomenon of gravitational lensing, the warping of spacetime by the cluster’s gravitational field that distorts the light from galaxies lying far behind it. This manifests as arcs and streaks in the picture, which are the stretched images of background galaxies. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / HST Frontier Fields.

Abell 370: Hubble Team Releases New ‘Frontier Fields’ Image

May 4, 2017 by News Staff

This new image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope is one of the best ever views of the massive galaxy cluster Abell 370. The image (hi-res version)...

This is an artist impression of a progenitor of Milky Way-like galaxies in the early Universe with a background quasar shining through a ‘super halo’ of hydrogen gas surrounding the galaxy. New ALMA observations of two such galaxies reveal that these vast halos extend well beyond the galaxies’ dusty, star-forming disks. Image credit: A. Angelich / NRAO / AUI / NSF.

ALMA Spots Two Young Milky Way-Like Galaxies in Early Universe

Apr 3, 2017 by News Staff

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have observed a pair of massive, dusty galaxies seen when the Universe was only...

Schematic representation of rotating disc galaxies in the early Universe (right) and the present day (left). New VLT observations suggest that such massive star-forming disc galaxies in the early Universe were less influenced by dark matter (shown in red), as it was less concentrated. As a result the outer parts of distant galaxies rotate more slowly than comparable regions of galaxies in the local Universe. Image credit: ESO / L. Calçada.

Universe’s Early Galaxies Were Less Influenced by Dark Matter

Mar 15, 2017 by News Staff

New observations from ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) indicate that massive, star-forming galaxies during the peak epoch of galaxy formation, 10 billion...

The massive black hole shown at left in this drawing is able to rapidly grow as intense radiation from a galaxy nearby shuts down star formation in its host galaxy. Image credit: John Wise, Georgia Tech.

How Universe’s First Supermassive Black Holes Were Born

Mar 13, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of astrophysicists from the United States, Ireland and Finland has come up with the formula for the formation of the first supermassive...

This artist’s impression shows what the galaxy A2744_YD4 might look like. Image credit: ESO / M. Kornmesser.

ALMA Detects Vast Amounts of Interstellar Dust, Oxygen in Very Young, Distant Galaxy

Mar 9, 2017 by News Staff

New observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have demonstrated that A2744_YD4 — the youngest and most remote galaxy...

Astronomers combined data from ALMA’s 7- and 12-m antennas to produce the sharpest possible image of RX J1347.5–1145, the center of which shows up here in the dark ‘hole’ in the ALMA observations. The energy distribution of the CMB photons shifts and appears as a temperature decrease at the wavelength observed by ALMA, hence a dark patch is observed in this image at the location of the cluster. The optical image of RX J1347.5–1145 was taken with Hubble. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / T. Kitayama, Toho University / ALMA.

Astronomers Use ALMA to Hunt for Universe’s Oldest Light

Feb 20, 2017 by News Staff

This image shows the first measurements of the so-called Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect (SZE) from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. Astronomers...

According to Antusch et al, oscillons produced a characteristic peak in the otherwise broad spectrum of gravitational waves. Image credit: University of Basel.

Oscillons, Gravitational Wave Factories in Very Early Universe

Feb 15, 2017 by News Staff

A team of theoretical physicists at the University of Basel, Switzerland, has found that in the very early Universe, so-called oscillons — strong...

Hubble Frontier Fields view of a distant galaxy cluster. Image credit: NASA / ESA / HST Frontier Fields Team / STScI.

First Observational Evidence of Holographic Universe?

Jan 30, 2017 by News Staff

A ground-breaking study released in the journal Physical Review Letters (arXiv.org version) offers what its authors call ‘the first observational evidence...

This artist’s impression shows a Milky Way-type galaxy, surrounded by a large halo of blue, faint light, made of Lyman-alpha photons. Image credit: L. Calçada / ESO.

Photons Struggle to Escape Early Milky Way-Type Galaxies

Jan 11, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of astronomers has discovered enormous halos of blue, faint light — made of so-called Lyman-alpha photons — around early...

The distorted galaxy in the simulation (main image) results from a collision and merger between two galaxies. Astronomers think such a merger could be the reason why SPT0346-52 is having such a boom of stellar construction. Once the two galaxies collide, gas near the center of the merged galaxy (shown as the bright region in the center of the simulation) is compressed, producing a burst of new stars. The composite inset shows X-ray data from Chandra (blue), short wavelength infrared data from Hubble (green), infrared light from Spitzer (red) at longer wavelengths, and infrared data from ALMA (magenta) at even longer wavelengths. There is no blue at the center of the image, showing that Chandra did not detect any X-rays that could have signaled the presence of a growing black hole. Image credit: X-ray – NASA / CXC / University of Florida / J. Ma et al; optical – NASA / STScI; infrared – NASA / JPL-Caltech; radio – ESO / NAOJ / NRAO / ALMA; simulation - Simons Foundation / Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation / Flatiron Institute / Caltech / C. Hayward & P. Hopkins.

Astronomers Find Hyper-Starburst Galaxy 12.7 Billion Light-Years Away

Dec 9, 2016 by News Staff

Astronomers have used CSIRO’s Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory to show that a recently-discovered lensed...

Universe is Expanding Uniformly, Scientists Say

Sep 23, 2016 by News Staff

The Universe is not spinning or stretched in any particular direction, according to a team of researchers from University College London and Imperial College...

A trove of galaxies, rich in carbon monoxide (indicating star-forming potential) were imaged by ALMA (orange) in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. The blue features are galaxies imaged by Hubble. Image credit: B. Saxton / NRAO / AUI / NSF / ALMA / ESO / NAOJ / NASA / ESA / Hubble.

ALMA Probes Hubble Ultra Deep Field

Sep 22, 2016 by News Staff

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array have explored the same corner of the early Universe first revealed in the iconic image...

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