Articles by News Staff

Early Neolithic jar, circa 6000-5000 BC, from Khramis Didi-Gora in the Republic of Georgia. Note the probable grape cluster motives encircling the mouth of the vessel, and the small base, which would have been inadequate for a free-standing vessel. The latter feature suggests that the jar was once partly or wholly buried underground, like modern qvevris (Georgian, ‘large jars’). This specimen is nearly a meter (3.3 feet) tall and a meter (3.3 feet) broad, with a volume exceeding 80 gallons. Image credit: Mindia Jalabadze / National Museum of Georgia.

Ancient Georgian Pottery Reveals World’s Oldest Wine

Nov 14, 2017 by News Staff

8,000-year-old pottery fragments from two sites in the Republic of Georgia, South Caucasus, have revealed the earliest biomolecular archaeological and...

Exercise can improve memory function and brain health. Image credit: Olga.

Study: Aerobic Exercise Increases Brain Size, Improves Neuronal Health

Nov 14, 2017 by News Staff

In a new study published in the journal NeuroImage, an international team of researchers examined the effects of aerobic exercise on a region of the brain...

Artist’s impression of two starburst (star-forming) galaxies beginning to merge in the early Universe. Image credit: NRAO / AUI / NSF.

ALMA Spots Pair of Extremely Rare Hyper-Luminous Starburst Galaxies

Nov 13, 2017 by News Staff

Astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) have discovered a pair of astoundingly bright and spectacularly massive galaxies...

According to Deshpande et al, regular intake of sugar-sweetened beverages can alter glucose handling and insulin sensitivity, thereby contributing to the development of the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes; there is also evidence that frequent sugar-sweetened beverage intake -- and particularly fructose -- is linked to hypertension and well-known cardiovascular disease risk factors. Image credit: WikiImages.

Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Linked to Increased Risk of Metabolic Syndrome, Type 2 Diabetes

Nov 13, 2017 by News Staff

A review of previous epidemiological studies finds a strong association between the regular consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages such as soda and juice...

Maurolicus muelleri (top) and Maurolicus mucronatus (bottom). Image credit: Fanny de Busserolles, University of Queensland.

Marine Biologists Find New Type of Eye Cell in Deep-Sea Fish

Nov 13, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of researchers has found a new photoreceptor type in the eyes of deep-sea pearlsides, which have an unusual visual system adapted...

Medical sensing technologies and solar energy storage could be dramatically improved after the team shows the validity of quantum theory first proposed in 1931. Image credit: Jose Manuel Suarez / CC BY 2.0.

Physicists Confirm Quantum Theory Proposed in the 1930s

Nov 13, 2017 by News Staff

Professor David McKenzie from the University of Sydney and his PhD student Enyi Guo have demonstrated quantum tunneling in water — a quantum phenomenon...

This image of the dwarf galaxy NGC 4625 is a composite of separate exposures acquired by the Advanced Camera for Surveys onboard the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. Two filters were used to sample various wavelengths. The color results from assigning different hues to each monochromatic image associated with an individual filter. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble.

Hubble Space Telescope Observes NGC 4625

Nov 13, 2017 by News Staff

The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has taken a picture of a dwarf galaxy called NGC 4625. This image of the dwarf galaxy NGC 4625 is a composite of separate...

$This false-color image demonstrates how use of special filters available on Curiosity’s Mastcam camera can reveal the presence of certain minerals in target rocks. It is a composite of images taken through three ‘science’ filters chosen for making hematite stand out as exaggerated purple. Mastcam’s narrow-band filters used for this view help to increase spectral contrast, making blues bluer and reds redder, particularly with the processing used to boost contrast in each of the component images of this composite. Fine-grained hematite preferentially absorbs sunlight around in the green portion of the spectrum around 527 nm. That gives it the purple look from a combination of red and blue light reflected by the hematite and reaching the camera through the other two filters. Bright lines within the rocks are fractures filled with calcium sulfate minerals. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / MSSS.$

NASA’s Curiosity Rover Finds Mineral Hematite on Mars

Nov 12, 2017 by News Staff

NASA’s Curiosity rover has found spectral evidence of an iron-oxide mineral called hematite (Fe2O3) on a rock near Mount Sharp in Gale Crater, Mars. This...

Perry et al show that three days of a VLCD lowered plasma glucose and insulin concentrations in a rat model of type 2 diabetes (T2D) without altering body weight. Image credit: Perry et al, doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.10.004.

Study: Very-Low-Calorie Diet Rapidly Reverses Type 2 Diabetes by Multiple Mechanisms

Nov 10, 2017 by News Staff

In a new study, Professor Gerald Shulman of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Yale and colleagues show that just three days of a very-low-calorie...

Sheep recognize familiar and unfamiliar human faces from 2D images. Image credit: Magnus114.

Sheep Have Exceptionally High Face-Recognition Abilities, News Study Reveals

Nov 10, 2017 by News Staff

According to a new study published in the journal Royal Society: Open Science, sheep can be trained to recognize familiar and unfamiliar human faces from...

Mushrooms contain unusually high amounts of antioxidants called glutathione and ergothioneine. Image credit: Jan Plywacz.

Study: Mushrooms Contain Powerful Antioxidants with Anti-Aging Potential

Nov 9, 2017 by News Staff

Certain mushroom species are high in two antioxidants — glutathione and ergothioneine — that may help with anti-aging treatments and strategies,...

Teixobactin eliminates MRSA, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Bacillus anthracis and other dangerous pathogens without encountering any detectable resistance. This digitally-colorized, scanning electron microscopic image depicts green-colored, spheroid-shaped MRSA bacteria, as they were in the process of being enveloped by a much larger, human white blood cell. Image credit: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

Chemists Synthesize Two Simplified Forms of Superbug-Killing Antibiotic Teixobactin

Nov 9, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of researchers led by the University of Lincoln, UK, has produced two simplified versions of teixobactin, a powerful natural antibiotic...

When Comet 96P/Machholz appeared in SOHO’s view in 2012, astronomers discovered two tiny comet fragments some distance ahead of the main body, signaling the comet was actively changing. This time around they have detected a third fragment -- another breadcrumb in the trail that indicates 96P/Machholz is still evolving. Image credit: ESA / NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center / SOHO / Steele Hill.

ESA and NASA Solar Observatories Snap Sungrazing Comet

Nov 9, 2017 by News Staff

The NASA/ESA Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) and NASA’s Solar and Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO) have captured amazing photos of...

A metasurface uses circularly polarized light to generate and control new and complex states of light, such swirling vortices of light. Image credit: Second Bay Studio / Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences.

Newly Developed Metasurface Generates Structured Light Beams

Nov 9, 2017 by News Staff

A team of researchers has developed a new tool that can produce complex states of light. The research appears in the journal Science. A metasurface uses...

Artist’s impression of a Type II supernova. Image credit: NASA / ESA / G. Bacon, STSci.

Supernova Discovery Challenges Theories of How Certain Stars End Their Lives

Nov 9, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of astronomers led by Las Cumbres Observatory has found a remarkable object in a nearby galaxy: a star that exploded multiple times...

Excavated corner of room with the remains of the Sasanian loom between the wall (top) and a bench of six mudbricks. The round loom weights made from clay are particularly visible, as are slabs of mud once forming some kind of shelving. Image credit: Lanah Haddad.

Archaeologists Unearth Sasanian-Period Loom in Iraq

Nov 8, 2017 by News Staff

A team of Near Eastern archaeology students led by Goethe University Professor Dirk Wicke has uncovered the burnt remains of a Sasanian loom, about 1,500...

This graphic illustrates how water might be heated inside Enceladus. Over time, cool ocean water seeps into the moon’s porous core. Pockets of water reaching deep into the interior are warmed by contact with rock in the tidally heated interior and subsequently rise owing to the positive buoyancy, leading to further interaction with the rocks. The heat deposited at the boundary between the seafloor and ocean powers hydrothermal vents. Heat and rocky particles are transported through the ocean, triggering localized melting in the icy shell above. This leads to the formation of fissures, from which jets of water vapor and the rocky particles from the seafloor are ejected into space. In the graphic, the interior ‘slice’ is an excerpt from a new model that simulated this process. The orange glow represents the parts of the core where temperatures reach at least 194 degrees Fahrenheit. Tidal heating owing to the friction arising between particles in the porous core provides a key source of energy, but is not illustrated in this graphic. The tidal heating results primarily from the gravitational pull from Saturn. Image credit: NASA / JPL-Caltech / Space Science Institute / LPG-CNRS / University of Nantes / University of Angers / ESA.

Enceladus’ Highly Porous Core Keeps Its Subsurface Ocean Warm, New Study Says

Nov 8, 2017 by News Staff

A new modeling study led by the University of Nantes is the first to explain several key characteristics of Saturn’s moon Enceladus observed by NASA’s...

This is a 92 hour time capture image from senescent cultures of human fibroblasts (NHDF) treated with vehicle only controls (DMSO) and 92 hour time capture image showing NHDF cells treated with resveratrol. Image credit: University of Exeter.

Scientists Rejuvenate Aged Human Cells

Nov 8, 2017 by News Staff

A team of researchers from the Universities of Exeter, Brighton and Oxford has rejuvenated senescent cells to be functionally younger. This discovery builds...

Color composite image of HATLAS J090045.4+004125 (also known as G09 83808): the blue channel represents data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and the red channel the data collected by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. Image credit: Zavala et al, doi: 10.1038/s41550-017-0297-8.

Astronomers Find One of Universe’s Earliest Galaxies

Nov 7, 2017 by News Staff

Astronomers have spotted the second most distant dusty, starburst galaxy ever found in the Universe. The find is reported this week in the journal Nature...

Nocturnal Mammal Ancestors Switched to Daytime Activity after Extinction of Non-Avian Dinosaurs

Nov 7, 2017 by News Staff

A long-standing theory holds that the common ancestor to all mammals was nocturnal, but new research from Tel Aviv University (TAU) and University College...

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