Other Sciences News

Researchers Test Ancient Lighting Systems to See How Paleolithic Humans Illuminated Their Caves

Photograph of the experiment with stone lamps: (A) the experiment before being lit; (B) the experiment after functioning for 1 min; (C) the experiment after functioning for 43 min. Image credit: Medina-Alcaide et al., doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250497.
Jun 17, 2021 by News Staff

Artificial lighting was a crucial physical resource for expanding complex social and economic behavior in groups of Paleolithic humans. Furthermore, the control of fire allowed the development of the first symbolic behavior in deep caves, around 176,000 years ago. In new research, scientists qualitatively and quantitatively characterized three lighting systems — torches, portable grease lamps, and fireplaces — used during the Paleolithic...

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Torvosaurus gurneyi. Image credit: © Sergey Krasovskiy.

Cretaceous Dinosaurs Lived in Warm and Variable Greenhouse Climate, Study Suggests

Jun 11, 2021 by News Staff

Paleoclimatologists have precisely reconstructed monthly sea surface temperatures at around 50 °N latitude from fossil shells of bivalve mollusks that...

Zacharopoulos et al. examined whether the concentrations of GABA in the adolescent brain could classify whether a student is lacking mathematical education. Image credit: T.J. Evans.

Study: Lack of Mathematical Education Negatively Affects Developing Brain

Jun 9, 2021 by News Staff

A new study, published this month in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, shows that within the same society, adolescent students who specifically...

The acousto-electric chip includes a radio-frequency amplifier, circulator and filter; SEM image shows details of the amplifier. Image credit: Bret Latter / Matt Eichenfield.

Researchers Create World’s Smallest Acoustic Amplifier

Jun 7, 2021 by News Staff

An acoustic amplifier developed by Sandia National Laboratories researchers measures 0.5 mm2 (0.0008 square inches), and is more than 10 times more effective...

A healthy diet that includes the consumption of popular fruits, such as apples, bananas and oranges, but not fruit juice, may play a role in mitigating risk of type 2 diabetes. Image credit: Romanov.

Healthy Diet Rich in Whole Fruits May Play Role in Mitigating Type 2 Diabetes Risk

Jun 3, 2021 by News Staff

In a study of 7,675 Australians, higher total fruit consumption was associated with better measures of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity; furthermore,...

Coxcatlan Cave, a rock shelter located within the southern portion of the Tehuacan Valley in Mexico. Image credit: Andrew Somerville.

Humans Arrived in North America More Than 30,000 Years Ago, Study Suggests

Jun 2, 2021 by News Staff

Archaeologists have obtained radiocarbon dates for the faunal bones excavated from Coxcatlan Cave, a dry rock shelter located within the southern portion...

Speckle-MAIN imaging of Cos-7 cells: (a) diffraction-limited image; scale bar - 20 μm; (b) reconstructed speckle-MAIN image; (c, d) zoom-in view of the white box area in (a); (e, f) zoom-in view of the white box area in (b); scale bar: 2 μm. Image credit: Lee et al., doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-21835-8.

Hyperbolic Metamaterial Turns Conventional Light Microscope into Super-Resolution Imager

Jun 1, 2021 by News Staff

The speckle-MAIN technology developed by University of California, San Diego researchers involves a specially engineered material that shortens the wavelength...

A teacher guides a student through a task in this historical photo of the Abecedarian Project. Image credit: Virginia Tech.

Active Early Learning Shapes Adult Brain Structure, New Research Shows

Jun 1, 2021 by News Staff

In new research published in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, low socioeconomic status infants were randomized to either five years of cognitively...

Vimaleswaran et al. provide genetic evidence for the association of milk consumption with higher BMI but lower serum cholesterol levels. Image credit: Imo Flow.

Study: High Milk Intake Is Not Associated with Elevated Levels of Cholesterol

Jun 1, 2021 by News Staff

In a new meta-analysis of previous studies, a team of researchers from the United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand found that people who regularly drank...

Tweets can provide rich information about people’s social, cognitive, and biological processes as well as personal concerns. Image credit: Pexels.

Study: Night Owls Send More Negative Tweets than Early Birds

May 27, 2021 by News Staff

A new study published in the journal Royal Society Open Science is the first to focus on several relevant but overlooked comparisons in temporal patterns...

Kjærvik & Bushman found the best evidence to date that narcissism is an important risk factor for both aggression and violence.

Narcissism is Important Risk Factor for Aggression, New Review Suggests

May 25, 2021 by News Staff

A review of 437 previous studies, published recently in the journal Psychological Bulletin, found that individuals with high levels of narcissism are prone...

Biphenylene network: the upper part of the image shows schematically the linking of the carbon atoms, forming squares, hexagons, and octagons; the lower part is an image of the network obtained with high-resolution microscopy. Image credit: University of Marburg / Aalto University.

Scientists Synthesize New Allotrope of Carbon

May 24, 2021 by News Staff

A team of researchers from the University of Marburg and Aalto University has synthesized an ultraflat biphenylene network, which is atomically thin like...

Dog owners and their pets diet together. Image credit: Jagd Prinzessin.

Study: Some Dog Owners Feed Their Pets Diets Similar to Their Own

May 20, 2021 by News Staff

Many dog owners today treat their dogs like family members and consequently, they consider a wide range of important variables, other than price, when...

C-reactive protein, a marker for inflammation in the body, was found in higher levels in depressed people compared to non-depressed people. Image credit: Jawahar Swaminathan & MSD staff, European Bioinformatics Institute.

People with Depression Have Higher Levels of Inflammation, Study Says

May 20, 2021 by News Staff

A team of scientists at King’s College London investigated the pathways — genetic, environmental, lifestyle, medical — leading to inflammation...

Diet-induced obesity results in Paneth cell dysfunction in humans and mice. Image credit: Liu et al., doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.04.004.

Western Diet Causes Damage to Immune Cells in Gut, Study Shows

May 19, 2021 by News Staff

Paneth cells, immune cells in the gastrointestinal epithelia, modulate innate immunity and infection. In Crohn’s disease, genetic mutations together...

As part of the BrainGate clinical trial, researchers are using tiny electrode arrays to record signals from the motor cortex of the brain; those signals can then be used to control robotic prostheses, computers or other devices; the hope is that such a system may one help restore communication and movement in people with paralysis due to injury or illness. Image credit: BrainGate.org.

Brain-Computer Interface Translates Brain Signals Associated with Handwriting into Text

May 17, 2021 by News Staff

Researchers with the BrainGate Collaboration have deciphered the brain activity associated with handwriting: working with a 65-year-old (at the time of...

Vegetarians have a healthier biomarker profile than meat-eaters. Image credit: Rita E.

Study: Vegetarians Have Healthier Biomarker Profile than Meat-Eaters

May 17, 2021 by News Staff

Vegetarians appear to have lower levels of disease biomarkers that can lead to cell damage and chronic disease, according to new research from the University...

The World Health Organization recommends eating at least 400 grams of fruit and vegetables per day. Image credit: Ben Davies.

Fruit- and Vegetable-Rich Diet May Help Reduce Stress Levels

May 14, 2021 by Enrico de Lazaro

In a study involving more than 8,600 Australian adults, higher intake of fruits and vegetables was associated with lower perceived stress, particularly...

The last common ancestor of chimpanzees and humans represents the starting point of human and chimpanzee evolution. Image credit: Christopher M. Smith.

Hominins Originated in Africa from Ape Ancestors Unlike Any Living Species, Study Suggests

May 7, 2021 by News Staff

Understanding the origins of the human lineage (hominins) requires reconstructing the morphology, behavior, and environment of the chimpanzee-human last...

In the Danish prospective cohort study, Bondonno et al. observed an inverse association between vegetable nitrate intakes, up to 60 mg/day, and hospital admissions for cardiovascular diseases; more specifically, moderate to high nitrate intakes were associated with a lower risk of ischemic heart disease, ischemic stroke, peripheral artery disease, and atrial fibrillation; a higher vegetable nitrate intake was also associated with a lower baseline systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure; the results suggest that ensuring the consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables, corresponding to one cup of green leafy vegetables, may lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Image credit: Ilona F.

Eating Green Leafy Vegetables May Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk

May 5, 2021 by Enrico de Lazaro

Consumption of at least  60 mg/day of vegetable nitrate (one cup of green leafy vegetables) can significantly reduce their risk of cardiovascular diseases,...

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