Physics News

Researchers Invent New Architecture for Quantum Computing

Schematic view of a large-scale quantum processor based upon phosphorus (31P) donors in silicon, operated and coupled through the use of an induced electric dipole. Idle qubits have electrons at the interface, leaving the 31P nucleus in the ultra-coherent ionized state. Electrons are partially shifted toward the donor for quantum operations. The sketch shows a possible architecture where a cluster of qubits is locally coupled via the electric dipole, and a subgroup thereof is further coupled to another cluster through interaction with a shared microwave cavity (aqua). Image credit: Guilherme Tosi, University of New South Wales.
Sep 7, 2017 by News Staff

A new architecture, based on so-called ‘flip-flop’ qubits, allows for a silicon quantum processor that can be scaled up without the precise placement of atoms required in other approaches. Importantly, it allows qubits to be placed hundreds of nanometers (nm) apart and still remain coupled. Schematic view of a large-scale quantum processor based upon phosphorus (31P) donors in silicon, operated and coupled through the use of an induced electric...

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Zeolitic ice (left) and aeroice (right) are illustrated: their structure can be regarded as combinations of a couple of polyhedral building blocks. In molecular scale, each polygonal face of the polyhedra is made of water molecules (left bottom); yellow lines are hydrogen bonds. Image credit: Masakazu Matsumoto / CC BY 2.0.

Scientists Predict Existence of Ultralow-Density Ices: ‘Aeroices’

Sep 6, 2017 by News Staff

A research team at Okayama University in Japan has theoretically predicted a new class of ice phases, called aeroices, likely the most stable solid phases...

The TinyLev system is composed of the driver board and the single-axis levitator with 72 transducers (arranged as two surfaces, each containing 36 transducers); expanded polystyrene (EPS) particles are trapped at its nodes. Image credit: Marzo et al, doi: 10.1063/1.4989995.

Researchers Develop Home Acoustic Levitator

Aug 16, 2017 by Enrico de Lazaro

A research team at the University of Bristol, UK, has developed a relatively cheap and small acoustic levitator that is capable of holding samples of interest...

A candidate event of light-by-light scattering, a very rare process in which two photons interact and change direction, measured in the ATLAS detector. Image credit: CERN.

CERN Physicists Find Direct Evidence of High Energy Light-By-Light Scattering

Aug 15, 2017 by News Staff

Physicists from the ATLAS experiment, one of the four major experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in Switzerland, have found the first direct...

The artist’s rendering shows how potential ‘wells’ are created for photons in the microresonator through heating with an external laser beam (green). Image credit: David Dung, University of Bonn.

Physicists Experiment with ‘Super-Photons’

Aug 15, 2017 by News Staff

A team of physicists at the University of Bonn in Germany has developed a technique to create optical ‘wells’ for a photonic Bose-Einstein condensate. The...

Professor Chang and co-authors broke the record for the shortest light pulse. Image credit: University of Central Florida.

Shortest Laser Pulse Lasts 53 Attoseconds

Aug 8, 2017 by News Staff

An international group of physicists and engineers, led by Professor Zenghu Chang of the University of Central Florida, has produced the shortest-ever...

Artist’s impression of a cloud of trapped antihydrogen atoms. Image credit: Chukman So.

Physicists Observe Hyperfine Spectrum of Antihydrogen

Aug 7, 2017 by News Staff

In a paper published in the August 3, 2017 issue of the journal Nature, physicists with the ALPHA collaboration, a multinational project based at CERN,...

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering. Image credit: COHERENT Collaboration.

Physicists Observe Elusive Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions for First Time

Aug 4, 2017 by News Staff

A team of physicists with the COHERENT collaboration is the first to detect and characterize coherent elastic scattering of low-energy neutrinos off atomic...

The ATLAS Experiment presented evidence for a first sighting of the Higgs boson decaying to a pair of bottom quarks, with an observed significance of 3.6 sigma. Image credit: ATLAS Collaboration.

Physicists Find Strong Evidence of Higgs Boson Decay to Quarks

Jul 26, 2017 by Enrico de Lazaro

The ATLAS experiment, one of the four major experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland, has reported the first evidence for the decay...

Proton is a subatomic particle found in the nucleus of every atom. This artist’s impression shows a proton and a neutron. Image credit: Joanna Griffin / Jefferson Lab / Penn State.

What’s Mass of Proton? Physicists Make Most Precise Measurement Yet

Jul 21, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of physicists from Germany and Japan has made the most precise measurement yet of the proton’s atomic mass. The result is a factor...

Scheme of a waveguide-integrated plasmonic nanoantenna for mode-selective polarization (de)multiplexing. The device couples light of orthogonal polarizations into different directions and modes of the underlying silicon waveguide. Image credit: Guo et al, doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1700007.

Optical Nanoantenna Promises Ultra-Fast Graphics on Gaming Consoles, PCs

Jul 20, 2017 by News Staff

A group of researchers from the Australian National University (ANU) and elsewhere has designed a nanoantenna — a device which is 100 times thinner...

Peering deep into the core of the Crab Nebula, this Hubble image reveals the beating heart of one of the most historic and intensively studied remnants of a supernova, an exploding star. The neutron star at the very center of the nebula has about the same mass as the Sun but compressed into an incredibly dense sphere that is only a few miles across. Spinning 30 times a second, the neutron star shoots out detectable beams of energy that make it look like it’s pulsating. The Hubble snapshot is centered on the region around the neutron star (the rightmost of the two bright stars near the center of this image) and the expanding, tattered, filamentary debris surrounding it. Hubble’s sharp view captures the intricate details of glowing gas, shown in red, that forms a swirling medley of cavities and filaments. Inside this shell is a ghostly blue glow that is radiation given off by electrons spiraling at nearly the speed of light in the powerful magnetic field around the crushed stellar core. This neutron star is a showcase for extreme physical processes and unimaginable cosmic violence. Bright wisps are moving outward from the neutron star at half the speed of light to form an expanding ring. It is thought that these wisps originate from a shock wave that turns the high-speed wind from the neutron star into extremely energetic particles. Image credit: NASA / ESA / J. Hester, ASU / M. Weisskopf, NASA & MSFC.

Astrophysical Shock Waves Generated in the Lab

Jul 18, 2017 by News Staff

A Princeton-led team of researchers has discovered a revolutionary way to generate high-energy shock waves in the lab. Peering deep into the core of the...

The battery-free phone can sense speech, actuate the earphones, and switch between uplink and downlink communications, all in real time. It is powered by either ambient radio signals or light. Image credit: Mark Stone, University of Washington.

First Battery-Free Cellphone Harvests Power from Ambient Radio Signals, Light

Jul 14, 2017 by News Staff

A team of computer scientists and electrical engineers at the University of Washington has invented a cellphone that requires no batteries and harvests...

Experimental configuration of the X-ray Free Electron Laser probe and optical laser; the shock freezing behavior of water captured in a Debye-Scherrer geometry. Inset: schematic of target package as a cut away side view. Image credit: Gleason et al, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.025701.

Researchers Observe Real-Time Growth of Exotic ‘Ice VII’

Jul 12, 2017 by News Staff

A Stanford-led research team has captured the freezing of water, molecule-by-molecule, into a super-dense, exotic form of ice called ice VII. The results...

The doubly charmed baryon Ξcc++ contains two charm quarks and one up quark. Image credit: Daniel Dominguez, CERN.

CERN Physicists Confirm Existence of Doubly Charmed Baryons

Jul 6, 2017 by News Staff

The LHCb (Large Hadron Collider beauty) collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider in Switzerland has reported the observation of a doubly charmed...

Sketch of the quantum Maxwell demon experiment: (A) after preparation (step 1) in a thermal or quantum state by a pulse at frequency fs, the system S (superconducting qubit) state is recorded (step 2) into the demon’s quantum memory D (microwave cavity); a pulse incoming toward port a at fD populates the cavity mode with a state ραin only if the qubit is in the ground state |g>s; this information is used to extract work W (step 3) which charges a battery B (a microwave pulse at frequency fs on port b) with one extra photon; importantly, the system emits this photon only when the demon’s cavity is empty; the work is determined by amplifying and measuring the average output power at fs on bout; the memory reset (step 4) is performed by cavity relaxation. (B) when the system starts in a quantum superposition of |g>s and |e>s, the demon and system are entangled after step 2. Image credit: Cottet et al, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1704827114.

Physicists See Maxwell’s Demon at Work

Jul 6, 2017 by News Staff

New research led by Paris Diderot University offers a view into the inner workings of the ‘mind’ of Maxwell’s demon, a famous thought experiment...

Gravitational waves observed by Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) twin detectors were produced during the final fraction of a second of the merger of two black holes to produce a single, more massive spinning black hole. Image credit: T. Pyle / LIGO.

Signatures of Universe’s Extra Dimensions Could Be Hiding in Gravitational Waves

Jun 29, 2017 by News Staff

In a paper published in the Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (arXiv.org preprint), German physicists investigate the effects due to Universe’s...

A rendering of how changes in an electron’s motion (bottom view) alter the scattering of light (top view), as measured in a new experiment that scattered more than 500 photons of light from a single electron. Image credit: Extreme Light Laboratory, University of Nebraska-Lincoln.

Ultra-High Intensity Laser Sparks New Behavior in Light

Jun 27, 2017 by News Staff

By focusing laser light to brightness one billion times greater than the surface of the Sun, a team of physicists from the United States and China has...

An artist’s impression of the two forms of ultra-viscous liquid water with different density; on the background is depicted the X-ray speckle pattern taken from actual data of high-density amorphous ice, which is produced by pressurizing water at very low temperatures. Image credit: Mattias Karlén.

Physicists Discover Two Low-Temperature Forms of Liquid Water

Jun 27, 2017 by News Staff

A Stockholm University-led team of physicists has discovered two low-temperature phases of liquid water with large differences in structure and density. An...

Yin et al realized the satellite-based distribution of entangled photon pairs over 747 miles. Image credit: U.S. Army.

World’s First Quantum-Enabled Satellite Sets Distance Record for Quantum Entanglement

Jun 16, 2017 by News Staff

Chinese researchers have successfully demonstrated satellite-based distribution of entangled photon pairs to two locations separated by 747.5 miles (1,203...

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