Tag Archive for 'Human'

Structure of milky spots in the omentum. (A) schematic of whole omentum in mice; the omentum is a thin strip of fat (yellow) that is covered by a layer of mesothelial cells (green); milky spots (MSs, blue) are located just beneath the mesothelial layer embedded between adipocytes; the omentum is well vascularized with an extensive network of capillaries (not shown), which connect to a large central blood vessel (red), running between the adipocytes; blood vessels also connect to the MSs and form a glomerulus-like knot of blood vessels in the lymphoid clusters; a large central lymphatic vessel (light blue) runs down the center of the omentum and branches from this vessel lead to MSs as well as to areas of the omentum that lack MSs; the human omentum is much larger and resembles an apron hanging in front of the abdomen, but also contains MSs. (B) structure of MS; MSs are loose collections of leukocytes embedded between adipocytes (yellow) just beneath the mesothelial layer (green); B cells (blue) form a central cluster, whereas macrophages (brown) and dendritic cells (light green) tend to accumulate around the outside of the MS and are also found individually throughout the omentum; T cells (green circles) and ILCs (orange) can be intermixed with the B cells or may cluster around blood vessels (not shown); cells and antigens are passively collected from the peritoneal cavity through fenestrations in the mesothelial layer by fluid flow or may be actively carried by phagocytic cells like macrophages; cells can also enter the MSs from the blood through HEVs (not shown). Image credit: Selene Meza-Perez & Troy D. Randall, doi: 10.1016/j.it.2017.03.002.

Omentum Performs Unique Immunological Functions

Jun 2, 2017 by News Staff

The omentum is an important immune organ that serves as a first line of defense against toxins and infection, according to a review paper published online...

Apatite crystal showing electron density around atoms. Image credit: Arun Nair.

Mechanism That Controls Bone Formation, Function Discovered

Jun 1, 2017 by News Staff

Researchers have discovered a mechanism that controls the formation and function of plate-like nanocrystals that play a critical role in bone composition....

According to Siu et al, vision keeps maturing until mid-life. Image credit: Pexels.

Vision Keeps Maturing until 30s – Early 40s, Study Finds

May 30, 2017 by News Staff

The human primary visual cortex — the brain’s vision-processing center that was previously thought to mature within the first few years of life...

Huaca Prieta mound situated on the Sangamon Terrace: buried terrace surface with Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene cultural deposits is indicated by dotted line below the mound; arrows show location of individual units excavated from the top of the mound down through and to the buried cultural deposits in the terrace. Scale shown by humans standing on the mounds. Image credit: Tom D. Dillehay, Vanderbilt University / Science Advances, doi: 10.1126/sciadv.1602778.

Coastal Peru was Rest Stop for Early Americans, Archaeologists Say

May 25, 2017 by News Staff

A Vanderbilt University-led team of archaeologists has made a remarkable discovery in Peru: thousands of 15,000- to 10,000-year-old artifacts, including...

Graecopithecus freybergi lived 7.2 million years ago in the dust-laden savannah of the Athens Basin. This view from Graecopithecus freybergi’ place of discovery, Pyrgos Vassilissis, to the southeast over the plain of Athens and under a reddish cloud of Sahara dust; in the background: Mount Hymettos and Mount Lykabettos. Image credit: Velizar Simeonovski.

Graecopithecus freybergi: Oldest Hominin Lived in Europe, not Africa

May 24, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of paleoanthropologists, led by Professor Madelaine Böhme of the University of Tübingen, Germany, has analyzed 7.2 million-year-old...

According to Mostofsky et al, moderate chocolate intake may be inversely associated with AF risk, although residual confounding cannot be ruled out. Image credit: Alexander Stein.

Study: Dark Chocolate Consumption May Decrease Risk of Irregular Heartbeat

May 24, 2017 by News Staff

Consuming moderate amounts of chocolate with high cocoa content was associated with lower risk of being diagnosed with atrial fibrillation — a common...

Sonny & Cher performing the song ‘The Beat Goes On’ on Dutch TV program ‘Fanclub,’ February 4, 1967. Image credit: A. Vente / Beeld & Geluid Wiki / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Male Artists Sing about Romantic Love and Sex More Often than Female Performers

May 23, 2017 by News Staff

An analysis of song lyrics from 1960 through 2008 reveals that male artists sing about both romantic love and sex more often than female artists. However,...

A study by Nora et al provides new insights into the rules governing human genome organization. Image credit: Nora et al, doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.05.004.

New Study Expands Understanding of How DNA is Organized in Human Cells

May 22, 2017 by News Staff

After decades of research aiming to understand how DNA is organized in our cells, a team of researchers from the Gladstone Institutes, the Massachusetts...

Layers of the skin. Image credit: M.Komorniczak / Madhero / CC BY-SA 3.0.

Skin Cell Discovery Could Lead to Possible Treatments for Balding, Hair Graying

May 15, 2017 by News Staff

A team of scientists at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center has identified the cells that directly give rise to hair as well as the mechanism...

German Shepherd puppy. Image credit: Marilyn Peddle / CC BY 2.0.

Study: Pet Dogs Help Children Feel Less Stressed

May 12, 2017 by News Staff

According to a new study published in the journal Social Development, pet dogs provide valuable social support for children when they’re stressed. German...

First Humans Arrived in North America 116,000 Years Earlier than Thought: Evidence from Cerutti Mastodon Site

Apr 27, 2017 by News Staff

Researchers digging at the Cerutti Mastodon site, an archaeological site from the early late Pleistocene epoch near San Diego, California, found animal...

Most previous attempts at creating a womb-like device used artificial pumps to drive the blood through the system, causing heart failure. In the system invented by Partridge et al, the fetal heart is the only pump. It is different in other key ways. Use of the bag, rather than a more open container, nearly eliminated the infection issues that contributed to previous failures. And while previous attempts relied on blood vessels in the neck, the authors figured out how to quickly and successfully insert tubes (cannulas) into the notoriously touchy umbilical vessels. Image credit: Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.

New Womb-Like Device May Transform Care for Extremely Premature Infants

Apr 26, 2017 by News Staff

A unique womb-like environment designed by pediatric researchers at Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia — which is in an experimental stage using...

According to Argue et al, Homo floresiensis is a long-surviving relict of an early hominin lineage and an unknown migration out of Africa, and not a recent derivative of either Homo erectus or Homo sapiens. This image is an artist’s impression of Homo floresiensis. Image credit: Katrina Kenny.

Homo floresiensis Likely Evolved from Primitive Ancestor in Africa, Researchers Say

Apr 23, 2017 by News Staff

An Australian National University-led team of researchers has found that Homo floresiensis — a dwarfed human species that lived until about 50,000...

Drinking a beetroot juice before exercise makes the aging brain perform more efficiently. Image credit: Ken Bennett, Wake Forest University.

Beetroot Juice before Exercise Keeps Aging Brain Sharp

Apr 19, 2017 by News Staff

According to a study published recently in the Journals of Gerontology: Medical Sciences, drinking a beetroot juice before exercise makes the brain of...

This is an image to demonstrate visual ‘crowding’ and test peripheral vision. Ensure that the red dot in the center of the image is at eye level and focus on it. While holding your focus on the red dot, try to read the middle ‘C’ in every triplet. Is the gap facing left or right? You may find it easier to read in some directions than others. People usually find it easier to read below the dot than above, and easier still to the left or right. Image credit: John Greenwood, University College London.

Ability to Distinguish Objects in Peripheral Vision Varies between Individuals, Study Finds

Apr 14, 2017 by News Staff

New research led by University College London, UK, shows that on average we are worse at spotting objects in crowded environments when they are above or...

According to Dr. Samuel and co-authors, patients at high risk of CAD should have regular check-ups to avoid early cardiac events by initiating preventive therapy. Image credit: Arek Socha.

Gray Hair Linked with Increased Risk of Coronary Artery Disease in Men

Apr 12, 2017 by News Staff

Gray hair has been linked with an increased risk of coronary artery disease in men, in a study presented this month at EuroPrevent 2017 in Malaga, Spain. According...

A variation in the human circadian clock gene CRY1 is associated with a familial form of delayed sleep phase disorder, providing genetic underpinnings for ‘night owls.’ Clock and Bmal1 are circadian activator proteins. Image credit: Patke et al, doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.03.027.

Researchers Identify ‘Night Owl’ Gene Variant

Apr 11, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of scientists led by the Rockefeller University has discovered that a variant of the human gene CRY1 (cryptochrome circadian clock...

Gerstner et al found that a mutation in the gene FABP7 is associated with fragmented sleep in humans. Image credit: Wok & Apix.

‘Sleep Gene’ Identified: FABP7

Apr 7, 2017 by News Staff

An international team of scientists from the United States and Japan has seen how a particular gene, called the fatty acid binding protein 7 (FABP7), is...

This micrograph depicts the gram-positive bacterium Propionibacterium acnes grown in thioglycollate medium at 48 hours. Propionibacterium acnes is a very common obligate anaerobic, non-spore forming rod, and the etiologic pathogen responsible for acne vulgaris, or pimples. It normally resides in the sebaceous glands of the skin. Image credit: Bobby Strong, CDC.

Unbalanced Skin Microbiome May Be Key to Acne Development, Study Finds

Apr 6, 2017 by News Staff

The overall balance of the bacteria on a person’s skin, rather than the presence or absence of a particular bacterial strain, appears to be an important...

A study by John Lindo et al reveals 10,000 years of genetic continuity in northwest North America. Image credit: Julie McMahon.

Ancient DNA Reveals Genetic Continuity between Early Holocene, Modern Populations in Northwest North America

Apr 5, 2017 by News Staff

According to a new analysis of nuclear DNA from ancient individuals, many of today’s indigenous peoples living in southern Alaska and coastal British...

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