Neuroscience News

Neuroscientists Decode Physiological Mechanism of Remembering and Forgetting

In fruit flies, dopamine neurons regulate both learning and forgetting. Berry et al identify a locus for the storage and retrieval of a short-term memory trace and show that a single dopamine neuron regulates both formation and disruption of this trace. Image credit: Berry et al, doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.051.
Nov 30, 2018 by News Staff

In a study of fruit flies (Drosophila melanogaster), a team of researchers from the Scripps Research Institute Florida has shown the physiological mechanism by which a memory is formed and then subsequently forgotten. The team found that a single dopamine neuron can drive both the learning and forgetting process. The findings appear in the journal Cell Reports. In fruit flies, dopamine neurons regulate both learning and forgetting. Berry et al identify...

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The endorestiform nucleus is found near the brain-spinal cord junction. Image credit: George Paxinos, Neuroscience Research Australia.

Australian Neuroscientist Discovers Hidden Region in Human Brain: Endorestiform Nucleus

Nov 23, 2018 by News Staff

Professor George Paxinos from Neuroscience Research Australia has discovered a hidden region of the human brain. The endorestiform nucleus is found near...

MRI study reveals that repeated blows to the head cause microscopic changes in young football players’ brains. Image credit: Andzelika Tokarska.

Playing High School Football Can Cause Microstructural Changes in Gray Matter, MRI Study Reveals

Nov 21, 2018 by News Staff

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scans have revealed that playing a single season of high school football can cause significant microscopic changes...

Arshamian et al examined the effect of respiration on consolidation of episodic odor memory.

Study: Breathing through Nose Enhances Memory Consolidation in Humans

Oct 25, 2018 by Enrico de Lazaro

Nose breathing improves the transfer of experience to long-term memory, according to a new study published in the journal JNeurosci. Arshamian et al examined...

The entrainment of theta brain waves with a commercially available device boosts memory performance. Image credit: Gerd Altmann.

Theta-Wave Entrainment Device Improves Episodic Memory

Oct 24, 2018 by News Staff

According to new research from the University of California, Davis, the entrainment of theta brain waves with a commercially available device not only...

Brain mapping helps neuroscientists understand how specific areas function and how to create new drugs and targeted treatments. Image credit: Jim Stanis and Tyler Ard, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute.

Neuroscientists Create Most Detailed Map Ever of Hippocampus

Oct 12, 2018 by News Staff

A team of neuroscientists at the University of Southern California Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute has produced the most detailed...

Brain areas reflecting choice set value: areas shown in red to yellow exhibit a linear increase in fMRI activity as a function of S during the exposure stage of the pooled choice trials. Image credit: Reutskaja et al, doi: 10.1038/s41562-018-0440-2.

Neuroscientists Identify Brain Areas Responsible for Choice Overload

Oct 8, 2018 by News Staff

Scientists have long known that we are overwhelmed by too many choices. Now, Caltech Professor Colin Camerer and co-authors have discovered what’s happening...

Dr. David Ferrier’s monkey brain map, 1874: the highlighted area labeled ‘EF’ is the area he observed to cause eye and head movements when electrically stimulated.

Neuroscientists Find Brain Area Linked to High-Risk Behavior

Sep 26, 2018 by News Staff

Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) who learned how to gamble have helped neuroscientists locate an area of the brain linked to risky behavior. The findings,...

Microscopy image of OLM cells. Scale bar - 20 µm. Image credit: Mikulovic et al, doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05907-w.

Neuroscientists Find ‘Bravery Neurons’ in Hippocampus

Sep 10, 2018 by News Staff

An international group of neuroscientists from Sweden and Brazil has found that some cells in a brain area called hippocampus play a key role in risk-taking...

In people with bipolar disorder, the left side of the amygdala is less active and less connected with other parts of the brain than in people with depression. Image credit: Westmead Institute for Medical Research.

Amygdala Neurons Could Hold Key to Accurately Diagnosing Unipolar Depression, Bipolar Disorder

Sep 6, 2018 by News Staff

A team of scientists, led by Dr. Mayuresh Korgaonkar of the Westmead Institute for Medical Research and the University of Sydney, used MRI scanning to...

Drivers of brain aging. Image credit: Daniel G. Amen.

Scientists Identify Drivers of Brain Aging

Aug 30, 2018 by News Staff

In a large brain imaging study published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, a team of neuroscientists and psychiatrists evaluated over 60,000 brain...

A reconstruction of a rosehip neuron. Image credit: Tamas Lab, University of Szeged.

New Type of Human Neuron Discovered: Rosehip Neuron

Aug 29, 2018 by News Staff

An international team of neuroscientists from the United States and Hungary has uncovered a new type of human brain cell that has never been seen in mice...

Men and women show surprising differences in seeing motion. Image credit: Free-Photos.

New Research Finds Differences in Ways Men and Women See Motion

Aug 22, 2018 by News Staff

A study led by the Universities of Rochester and Washington shows that on average, men pick up on visual motion significantly faster than women do. Men...

Romeo et al suggest talking with children from early age could promote language skills regardless of socioeconomic status. Image credit: Sasin Tipchai.

Study: Adult-Child Conversations Strengthen Language Regions of Developing Brain

Aug 22, 2018 by News Staff

Children who are regularly engaged in conversation by adults may have stronger connections between Wernicke’s and Broca’s areas — brain regions...

Poor sleep triggers loneliness and social rejection. Image credit: Patrica J. Joslin.

Study: Lack of Sleep Leads to Social Withdrawal and Loneliness

Aug 17, 2018 by News Staff

A new study, published in the journal Nature Communications, has demonstrated that sleep-deprived individuals feel lonelier and less inclined to engage...

Dr. Dunn and Dr. Smaers report a positive correlation between vocal repertoire size and the relative size of cortical association areas in non-human primates. Image credit: Herbert Aust.

Primate Study Offers Important Insight into Evolution of Human Speech

Aug 14, 2018 by News Staff

A new study published in the journal Frontiers in Neuroscience has found a link between vocal repertoire and relative size of key regions of the brain. Dr....

In an experiment examining how monkeys respond to sound, Caruso et al found that a single neuron can encode information from two different sounds by switching between the signal associated with one sound and the signal associated with the other sound. Image credit: Irfan Ullah.

Individual Neurons Can Carry Multiple Signals at a Time, Neuroscientists Find

Aug 7, 2018 by News Staff

A team of researchers from Duke and Rockefeller Universities has found that individual neurons can encode information about multiple stimuli simultaneously,...

The fruit fly brain contains roughly 100,000 neurons, which can now be traced in detail using a dataset that includes roughly 21 million images Zheng et al traced the paths of neurons (colored threads) that reach out to the mushroom body, a region involved in memory and learning. Image credit: Zheng et al, doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2018.06.019.

Fruit Fly Brain Imaged at Synaptic Resolution

Jul 23, 2018 by News Staff

A team of neuroscientists at Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Janelia Research Campus has taken detailed pictures of the whole brain of an adult female...

Abnormal accumulations of a protein called tau can collect inside neurons, forming tangled threads and eventually harming the synaptic connection between neurons. Image credit: National Institute on Aging / National Institutes of Health.

Neuroscientists Find Alzheimer’s ‘Big Bang’

Jul 18, 2018 by News Staff

A team of researchers from the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, the University of Delaware and Washington University in St. Louis has discovered...

Three scans (from the front, side and above) of two different brains (pictured on the left and on the right) belonging to twins; the furrows and ridges are different in each person. Image credit: Lutz Jäncke, University of Zurich.

Our Brains are as Unique as Our Fingerprints, Neuroscientists Say

Jul 13, 2018 by News Staff

Every individual has a unique brain anatomy, according to new research from the University of Zurich in Switzerland; and this uniqueness is the result...

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