Astronomy

Hubble Peers into Messier 30 to Uncover Milky Way’s Past

This image of Messier 30 includes the wide range of wavelengths Hubble can see: ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light; each wavelength helps astronomers better understand how various stellar populations formed and evolved. Image credit: NASA / ESA / Hubble / M. Libralato / G. Piotto / A. Sarajedini.

The globular cluster Messier 30 contains some of the oldest stars in the Milky Way Galaxy. New observations from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope offer clues to how these stellar populations formed and evolved, and whether some of them originated beyond our home Galaxy. This image of Messier 30 includes the wide range of wavelengths Hubble can see: ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared light;...

Biology

Salt-Loving Microbe Can Grow Under Mars-Like Conditions: Study

This SEM micrograph (12,000x magnification) shows Haloferax volcanii after 160 days of anaerobic incubation with 100 mM nitrate under low-pressure Martian conditions (24 mbar); high-magnification imaging shows predominantly spherical cells located outside, immediately beneath, and embedded within an extensive biofilm matrix; thin appendage-like structures and associations among adjacent cells are also visible. Scale bar - 1 µm. Image credit: Robinson et al., doi: 10.1128/aem.01749-26.

Haloferax volcanii, a model halophilic (salt-loving) archaeon, showed growth during a 160-day experiment simulating Martian subsurface brine, according to a paper published in the journal Applied and Environmental Microbiology. The authors stress the result does not mean life exists on Mars. This SEM micrograph (12,000x magnification) shows Haloferax volcanii after 160 days of anaerobic incubation...

Physics

CERN Physicists Find Evidence of Ultra-Rare Particle Decay

The LHCb magnet. Image credit: CERN.

Physicists with the LHCb Collaboration at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider announced today evidence for an extremely rare particle decay that scientists have chased for more than four decades, and their result agrees with the Standard Model of particle physics. The LHCb magnet. Image credit: CERN. “What we found in these latest results is an incredibly rare decay of one of these beauty particles,...

Medicine

Could Common Cooking-Oil Fat Be Fueling Psoriasis Itch?

Wheeler et al. identify a metabolic- to-sensory axis in which EKODE, an endogenous dietary linoleic acid derivative, acts as a potent ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor 35 (Gpr35) to drive chronic itch, inflammation, and heat hypersensitivity.

Scientists have identified a receptor on sensory nerves that appears to detect a fatty-acid byproduct found at high levels in psoriasis skin, and blocking it eased itch and skin thickening in mice. Wheeler et al. identify a metabolic- to-sensory axis in which EKODE, an endogenous dietary linoleic acid derivative, acts as a potent ligand for the G protein-coupled receptor 35 (Gpr35) to drive chronic...

Genetics

Ancient Retroviral Invasion May Have Helped Shape Human Brain

An anatomical illustration from Sobotta's Human Anatomy, 1908, shows the structure of a human brain. Image credit: Dr Johannes Sobotta.

Humans and chimpanzees share more than 96% of their protein-coding DNA, yet human brains are roughly three times larger and far more complex. New research led by Lund University scientists suggests that part of the explanation may lie in a viral infection that struck chimpanzee ancestors millions of years ago and never reached ours. Gerdes et al. show that LINC00662, a human-specific transcript expressed...

Geology

Stonehenge’s Altar Stone Still Has No Home, Geologists Say

The Altar Stone lies flat on the ground, sunk into the grass beneath the collapsed upright of the Great Trilithon and its lintel. Image credit: Nick Pearce, Aberystwyth University.

A new analysis by University of South Wales Professor Duncan Pirrie and his colleagues undercuts the leading theory that the 6-ton slab of sandstone came from northeastern Scotland, though the geologists stop short of ruling it out entirely. The Altar Stone lies flat on the ground, sunk into the grass beneath the collapsed upright of the Great Trilithon and its lintel. Image credit: Nick Pearce,...